International Conference on Pioneer and Innovative Studies

An Artificial Neural Network Growth Analysis in Construction Businesses

Ardita Todri — 2023-06-13

This research paper explores the firms' growths analysis through Artificial Neural Networks, explicitly using the Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) Analysis in a panel of construction businesses operating in the country. The construction businesses data used are classified into Organizational characteristics (5 patterns) and Financial indicators (18 patterns). They refer to Liquidity (5), Operational Efficiency (4), Leverage (4), and Growth (5) patterns. Thus, 85 construction business data from 2020-2021 have been collected, but only 31 businesses are considered valid for Multilayer Perceptron analysis training purposes. The first research step before building the multilayer perceptron neural network is the implementation of the Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC curve) Analysis at a 95% confidence level, considering as a dependent variable the firms' age [in start-up (0); growth (1) and those in the maturity phase (2)]. Then, based on ROC analysis results, a multilayer perceptron network with 10 input layers patterns, 10 customers' patterns factors, and one covariate is implemented. The number of hidden layers is 1, and the number of units in hidden layers is 20. The activation function used is Hyperbolic tangent. Thus, the empirical findings of the research provide construction businesses and line ministries with valuable insights on boosting their growth.

Tozaltı Kaynak Yöntemi ile Hardox 450 ve St52 Malzeme Çiftinin Birleştirilebilirliğinin İncelenmesi

Musa KILIÇ — 2023-06-13

Bu çalışmada toz metalurjisi yöntemi kullanılarak Hardox 450 ve St52 çelik çiftinin birleştirilebilirliği incelenmiştir. Bütün kaynak birleştirmelerinde farklı akım değerileri (350, 400, 450, 500 A)kullanılmıştır. Voltaj ve tel sürme hızları sabit tutulmuştur. Kaynak işlemi sonrası makro ve mikroyapı analizi ile mikrosertlik ölçümleri gerçekleştirildi. Makro görüntülerde ana malzeme, ıtab ve kaynak bölgesi olmak üzere üç bölge gözlenmiştir. Ayrıca en geniş kaynak dikişinin 500 A kullanılarak yapılan N1 numunesinde elde edilmiştir. Kaynak metali mikroyapı bölgesinde dentritik ve sütünlu yapıların ara bölgeye doğru uzadığı gözlenmiştir. Mikrosertlik sonuçlarında ise en yüksek mikrosertlik değerinin Hardox 450 bölgesinde 394 HV0.2 ölçülmüştür.

Patolojik Meme Kanseri Görüntülerinin YOLOv5 Algoritması ile Sınıflandırılması

Şeyma ÇEÇEN — 2023-06-13

Tıp alanı geleneksel yaklaşım olarak hastalığa tanı konulması ve tanıya yönelik tedavi yöntemlerinin uygulanması esasına dayalıdır. İnsan doku ,hücre ve organlarındaki hastalıkların gelişimi ve sebeplerini Patoloji bilim dalı incelemektedir. Hücrelerin anormal şekilde kontrolsüz çoğalması durumunda kanser hastalığına sebep olmaktadır. Bu çalışmada meme dokusundan alınan biyopsilere ait patolojik görüntüler yapay zekanın bir alt dalı olan derin öğrenme yöntemi ile incelenmiştir. Meme kanseri türünün sınıflandırılması üzerine çalışılmıştır. Derin Öğrenme modeli olarak YOLOv5 algoritması kullanılmıştır. Deneyler sonucunda doğruluk parametresinde %95.3 oranında yüksek başarı ile tümörün sınıflandırılması sağlanmıştır.

Protein Bazlı Ahşap Yapıştırıcılar: Ahşap Malzemenin Yapıştırılması İçin Sürdürülebilir Bir Alternatif

Saadettin Murat Onat — 2023-06-13

Ahşap, yüzyıllardır çeşitli amaçlar için kullanılan doğal bir malzemedir. Ahşabın en yaygın kullanımlarından biri mobilya ve diğer nesnelerin imalatıdır. Güçlü ve dayanıklı ahşap ürünler oluşturmak için, ahşabı birbirine bağlamak için yapıştırıcılar kullanmak gerekmektedir. Geleneksel ahşap yapıştırıcılar genellikle olumsuz çevresel ve insan sağlığına etkileri olabilecek petrol esaslı ürünlerden yapılmaktadır. Son yıllarda, özellikle yenilenebilir kaynaklardan üretilen ve daha çevre dostu olan biyolojik bazlı yapıştırıcıların geliştirilmesine artan bir ilgi mevcuttur. Protein bazlı yapıştırıcılar, ahşap yapıştırmada kullanım için umut vaat eden bir tür biyolojik bazlı yapıştırıcıdır. Bu yapıştırıcılar, bitkilerde ve hayvanlarda bulunan doğal olarak oluşan moleküller olan proteinlerden yapılır. Proteinler, onları yapıştırıcılarda kullanım için uygun hale getiren, iyi ıslanabilirlik, yüksek mukavemet ve neme karşı direnç dahil olmak üzere bir dizi özelliğe sahiptir. Protein bazlı yapıştırıcılar, ahşap yapıştırma için sıklıkla kullanılan sentetik yapıştırıcılara bir alternatif olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Yenilenebilir kaynaklardan elde edilirler, biyolojik olarak parçalanabilirler ve düşük toksisiteye sahiptirler. Ek olarak, suya dayanıklılık, mukavemet ve esneklik gibi çeşitli özellikler sağlamak için geliştirilebilirler. Bu bildiride, ahşap yapıştırma için protein bazlı yapıştırıcılarla ilgili son gelişmeler gözden geçirilmiştir. Makale, protein bazlı yapıştırıcıların tarihçesine ve ahşap yapıştırmada kullanımlarına kısa bir genel bakış ile başlamaktadır. Aşağıdaki bölümlerde, protein bazlı yapıştırıcıların yapışma mekanizması, yapıştırıcı hazırlama için potansiyel protein içeren hammadde kaynakları ve ahşap yapıştırma için protein bazlı yapıştırıcıların geliştirilmesindeki son çalışmalar tartışılmaktadır. Makale, protein bazlı yapıştırıcıların gelecekteki beklentilerini tartışarak sona ermektedir.

Accurate Segmentation of Phonocardiogram Signals using Fractal Decomposition with WB-MFA in MATLAB 2022

K.N. HAKKOUM — 2023-06-13

This work describes a unique method for segmenting phonocardiogram (PCG) signals in MATLAB 2022 utilizing fractal decomposition. Fractal decomposition is an effective technique for breaking down a PCG signal into simpler components based on their fractal features. The suggested method for fractal decomposition employs the wavelet-based multifractal analysis (WB-MFA) method, which has already been proved to be successful for PCG segmentation. The proposed method was tested on a dataset of PCG signals and found to be highly accurate in segmenting the signals into separate heart sounds.

Enhancing Person Identification with Score Fusion of Biometric Modalities

Kenza Chenni — 2023-06-13

Biometric systems play a vital role in identifying individuals by capitalizing on their distinctive physical or behavioral traits. However, individual biometric techniques have limitations that can impact the accuracy and reliability of identification. Multimodal biometric systems, which incorporate data from several modalities, have evolved as a solution to these problems. There are four levels of integration into multimodal biometric systems, but score-level fusion is seen as the most efficient. The fusion level used in this paper was the score level. The fusion proposal was assessed using the ORL Face and IITD Iris datasets. The suggested technique can enhance the ability to identify people in various areas.

Rock carving in the Saharan Atlas, Laghouat, Algeria

SAIHI ALALA — 2023-06-13

The art of drawings and engravings is one of the most important elements for studying the prehistoric era - its dawn. Where it gives us a lively picture of the ways of life, habits, and social and economic conditions of the population. The topics of these inscriptions and rock drawings deal with the intellectual aspects and the collective and ducal methods of the religious peoples who implemented them. Regardless of the motives for producing the art of rock paintings, it provides us with a revolution of information and involves great historical importance.

Integration of Discrete-Event Simulation and Statistical Process Control Methods

Abdulkadir Atalan — 2023-06-13

This study aimed to integrate the discrete-event simulation system with the statistical process control method to test whether the discrete-event simulation system is under control using the discreteevent simulation method. This study created a three-dimensional discrete-event simulation model of the emergency service unit. Using the data of patient stay (or length of stay) and waiting times obtained in the simulation model, analyses were made with Xbar-R and Xbar-S control charts in statistical process control methods. Determining which values of the simulation data are out of control was carried out with statistical process control charts. For Xbar-R and Xbar-S graphics, 901 data were analyzed, with 30 subgroups. This study determined that the patient was under control according to Xbar-R and Xbar-S control charts of patient stay and waiting times, but the system was out of control according to R and S control charts. As a result, it has been determined that the system in the 3D simulation model is out of control according to the statistical process control charts. It is recommended to take the system under control by observing the data that is out of control. This study emphasized that the results obtained from the systems performed in the computer environment should be integrated with statistical process control charts to verify their validity.

Hidrojen PEM Yakıt Hücresinin Performansını Etkileyen Faktörler ve Genel Bir Değerlendirme

Selman İLBEYOĞLU — 2023-06-13

Konvansiyonel enerji kaynakları, önemli bir sorun olan sınırlı rezervlere sahip olmaları ve ciddi zararlı kirletici etkileri nedeniyle artık büyük bir endişe kaynağıdır. Bu nedenle, sürdürülebilir enerji kaynaklarına yönelme ihtiyacı her zamankinden daha büyük hale gelmiştir. İşte bu noktada, hidrojen enerjisi önemli bir alternatif olarak öne çıkmaktadır. Hidrojen, temiz bir yakıt olarak kabul edilir ve çevreye zararlı emisyonlar oluşturmadan enerji üretimine katkıda bulunabilir. Hidrojenin kimyasal enerjisinin elektrik enerjisine dönüştürüldüğü bir sistem olan direkt hidrojenli PEM yakıt hücresi, gelecekte büyük umutlar vaat eden bir enerji kaynağıdır. Bu yakıt hücresi teknolojisi, hidrojenin oksijenle birleşerek su oluşturduğu elektrokimyasal reaksiyonlar yoluyla elektrik enerjisi üretebilir. Bu süreç sırasında herhangi bir zararlı emisyon ortaya çıkmaz, çünkü temiz su buharı salınır. Bu çalışmada, PEM yakıt hücresinin performansına etki eden bileşenlerin ve çeşitli durumların incelendiği ortaya konulmuştur. İlk olarak, PEM yakıt hücresinin işleyiş sistemi detaylı bir şekilde analiz edilmiştir. Yakıt hücresinin parçaları ve bu parçaların yakıt hücresi yığın maliyetine olan etkisi değerlendirilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, membran, gaz difüzyon tabakası, bipolar tabaka ve anot-katot elektrotları gibi unsurların, PEM yakıt hücresinin performansı üzerindeki etkileri dikkatlice araştırılmıştır. PEM yakıt hücresinde yapılan çalışmalar, membran kalınlığının azaldıkça performansın arttığını göstermiştir. Ayrıca, gaz difüzyon tabakasındaki su miktarının az veya aşırı olmasının, yakıt hücresi performansını sınırlayıcı bir etkisi olduğu belirlenmiştir. Grafit gibi yüksek elektrik iletkenliği olan ve korozyona dayanıklı bipolar plakanın, yakıt hücresi performansını artırdığı tespit edilmiştir. Elektrotların elektrik iletkenliği ve hidrojenin elektrot yüzeyine tutunma kabiliyeti arttıkça, performansın olumlu yönde etkilendiği gözlemlenmiştir.

Design of Wilkinson Power Divider for Mobile and WLAN Applications

Mehdi.Chemseddine. Farah — 2023-06-13

– In microwave and radio frequency (RF) applications, the power divider is a well-known threeport device that is very essential. It can be used extensively in balanced power amplifiers, radar systems, and phase shifters. It is well-known that the power divider bearing Wilkinson's name is the most wellknown and respected of all power dividers.This divider uses a single frequency band and has two lines with a length of L= λ/4 (quarter wave). It operates on a single frequency f=c/λ. The primary function of these microwave devices is to establish a power distribution from an input signal to a predetermined number of output signals. This is a very important duty for these devices. This power divider that has been presented has a design that includes three output ports. Optimisation with the help of the HFSS simulator will make it possible to have a power divider for applications related to WLAN (the band will cover WLAN at a frequency of 2.4 GHz). The standard Wilkinson power divider (WPD) may have a straightforward design, but despite its ease of construction, it offers satisfactory performance despite its restricted bandwidth (isolation).

Alternative technique of messaging through a new configuration of IOT devices

Sadika KHOUN — 2023-06-13

A new strategy for configuring Internet Of Things (IOT) nodes based on the Pocket Switched Network (PSN) under high congestion infrastructure is developed to present a new communication alternative relying on a subset of cooperative nodes supplying help, free contribution and extra services in time and space. Two parameters ‘‘node-agent’’ and ‘‘security degree’’ are initially defined to compute resulting network performance. The developed model comprising 5 regions (4 communities and an ‘‘EXTERNAL’’) built in C++ has proved that communication can be established under even weak ‘‘defined cooperation’’. To validate this New IOT developed technique and analyze its performance, we have implemented this mechanism of transmitting information on exploring a ‘‘Secure Simple Epidemic Algorithm’’ (SSEA), in where propagating of information is under control of an added secure condition to the basic Simple Epidemic Algorithm (SEA).The response time is optimized in the case of high security degree and large number of selected nodes.

Etkili Çeltik Hastalığı Tespiti için Vision Transformer Modellerinin Kullanımı

Cüneyt ÖZDEMİR — 2023-06-13

Bu araştırma, Vision Transformer modellerini kullanarak çeltik hastalıklarının otomatik olarak tespit edilmesine odaklanmaktadır. Çeltik, temel bir gıda kaynağı olarak büyük bir öneme sahiptir ve çeltik üretimine olan talep giderek artmaktadır. Bu nedenle, etkili hastalık tespit yöntemlerine ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Çeltik ürünlerinde hastalık tespiti için kullanılan manuel teknikler zaman alıcı olabilir ve hatalara açık olabilir. Ancak, otomatik tespit sistemleri, sensörler ve makine öğrenimi algoritmalarını kullanarak daha doğru ve maliyet açısından etkili bir yaklaşım sunar. Bu çalışmada, Paddy Doctor veri kümesi kullanılarak 13 farklı çeltik hastalığına ait 4.160 görüntü üzerinde çalışma yapılmıştır. Doğru hastalık sınıflandırması yapmak için dört farklı vision transformer modeli kullanılmıştır. Deney sonuçları, ViT-B16 modelinin yaklaşık %92,88 doğruluk oranıyla en yüksek başarıyı gösterdiğini ortaya koymuştur. Bu bulgular, Vision Transformer modellerinin çeltik hastalıklarını etkili bir şekilde tespit etmek için kullanılabileceğini göstermektedir. Bu durum, çeltik üretiminde mahsul verimini artırarak pestisit kullanımını azaltmaya ve çevre korumasını iyileştirmeye katkı sağlayabilir. Ayrıca, Vision Transformer modellerinin otomatik hastalık tespitindeki potansiyelini ortaya koymakta ve tarım verimliliği ile çevresel sürdürülebilirlik üzerinde olumlu etkileri olabileceğini göstermektedir.

Results of the research of algorithm creating capabilities using convolutional neural network

Anikó Apró — 2023-06-13

The current technological momentum indicates that demand will soon rise for programming skills. For this reason, finding young individuals with these skills and orienting them towards programming related career paths will be highly important. In our research, we developed an age and programming knowledge independent system, which can help to identify talented youngsters. Before filling the test, we collected information through an anonymous survey about the test subjects’ IT knowledge, which can help identify further correlations at the time of result evaluation. First we had to create a measurement system which will provide objective test results about the children’s algorithmic thinking. We developed a web application that is responsive with a camera which follows the client eye moving and gather data into our database. This data is then passed into a machine learning algorithm to create a model and from it we could read our conclusions. The main goal of machine learning using convolutional neural network is predicting how the algorithmic thinking will develop in the case of children. We used a more game-like approach because it is more natural to children to think when they think they are playing some game. The game is a simple but effective LED lightning game and is very similar to a memory-based game.

Addition of Steel Fiber’s in Concrete – A Review

Aaiz. M — 2023-06-13

– Composite material composed of fine and coarse aggregate bonded together with water cement that hardens over time is called a concrete. Steel fibres will enhance to crack resistance of the concrete, and they can also be used to replace or supplement structural reinforcement. SF’s are added in concrete as they are light weight, economical and enhance strength of concrete or reinforced concrete. The review study years mentioned in this paper were from 1991-2023 of how and what amount of steel fibres are needed to be entertained in concrete. Steel fibres are added in concrete alone or sometimes with another material such as marble powder or rice husk etc. in all of the studies it is concluded that using steel fibres up to 30kg with replacement enhances properties of concrete, good flexural behaviour also increase its toughness.

ChatGPT Kullanarak Türkiye’de Yoksullukla Mücadele Stratejilerinin Araştırılması

Murat ÇELİK — 2023-06-13

Bu araştırmanın amacı yapay zekâ programı olan ChatGPT kullanarak Türkiye’de yoksullukla mücadele stratejilerini ortaya çıkarmaktır. Yoksulluk değişen niteliğine rağmen insanlık tarihi kadar kadim olan ve üstesinden gelebilmek için ilkel olsun modern olsun tüm toplumların mücadele ettiği bir olgudur (Güneş, 2010, s. 11). Ülkemiz Türkiye’de yoksulluğu azaltmak için çok fazla çalışma yapılmaktadır. Kalkınma hedefleri bunlardan bazılarıdır ve insan zekâsı kullanılarak oluşturulmuştur. Öte yandan, yapay zekâ kullanılmasın kullanılarak stratejiler oluşturulabilir mi sorusu, yapay zekâ kullanılarak yoksullukla mücadelede kullanılabilir mi sorusu araştırmanın başlangıç noktasını oluşturmaktadır. Bu çalışmada nitel araştırma yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Veri toplama aracı olarak yapay zekâ programı ChatGPT kullanılmıştır. Araştırma örneklemi için Türkiye’den 5 il,5 ilçe ve 5 köy seçilmiştir. İl, ilçe ve köylerin seçimi ChatGPT kullanılarak belirlenmiştir. ChatGPT yapay zekâ programına Türkiye’de yoksulluğun en fazla olduğu beş il, ilçe ve köy söyleyebilir misin sorusu sorulmuştur. ChatGPT’de veri toplama için de bir soru kullanılmıştır. Soru şu :” X ilinde, X ilçesinde ve/ya X köyünde yoksullukla mücadele için neler yapılabilir? Araştırma sonucunda yapay zekâ programı ChatGPT’nin konu başlıkları bağlamında en çok üzerinde durulması gereken yoksulluk alanlarını ortaya koyduğunu göstermiştir. Her il, ilçe ve köy için yeni bir öncelik sırası oluşturulması gerektiği araştırma bulgularından anlaşılmıştır. Diğer stratejilerden farklı başlıklar sunan yapay zekâ ChatGPT’nin Türkiye’de yoksullukla mücadelede stratejiler ürettiği/üretebildiği ortaya çıkarmıştır.c

Investigation of antithrombotic drug use in terms of medicine abuse during the COVID-19 pandemic period

Feyza KELLECİ ÇELİK — 2023-06-13

Google Trends immediately reflect society's changing interest in a variety of topics. This study aimed to examine the use of antithrombotic drugs in terms of medicine abuse during the COVID-19 pandemic using Google Trends data. The words ‘Antithrombotic drugs’, ‘COVID-19’, and ‘Blood Thinner’ were searched for three periods; the COVID-19 pre-pandemic period, the COVID-19 pandemic period, and the COVID-19 vaccination period. The words ‘Antithrombotic drugs’, ‘Aspirin’, ‘Coraspin’, and ‘Plavix’ as antiaggregant, ‘Coumadin', ‘Eliquis’, ‘Pradaxa’, ‘Xarelto’ as anticoagulants were searched comparatively for Turkey and the worldwide. Relative search volumes were evaluated using the GraphPad statistical method. The search volume for ‘Blood Thinner’, ‘Aspirin’, and ‘Coraspin’ increased in other periods compared to the COVID-19 pre-pandemic period. COVID-19 has altered the popularity of antithrombotics both in Turkey and worldwide. As in our study, unconscious drug consumption can be prevented when the tendencies of society, especially on drug-related issues, are determined early with epidemiological studies.

Sağlık Tedarik Zincirinde Makine Öğrenimi/Yapay Zekanın Etkisinin Değerlendirilmesi - Bir SWOT Perspektifi

Ertuğrul Ayyıldız — 2023-06-13

Bu çalışma, makine öğrenimi/yapay zekanın (ML/AI) sağlık tedarik zincirine entegrasyonu ile ilgili potansiyel faydalar, zorluklar ve stratejik hususların kapsamlı bir analizini sunmaktadır. Sağlık sistemlerinin artan karmaşıklığı ve talepleriyle birlikte, ML/AI teknolojilerinden yararlanmak, tedarik zinciri operasyonlarını optimize etmek ve hasta sonuçlarını iyileştirmek için umut verici bir yaklaşım olarak ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu çalışma, bir SWOT (Güçlü Yönler, Zayıf Yönler, Fırsatlar, Tehditler) çerçevesi kullanarak, sağlık tedarik zincirindeki makine ML/AI uygulamalarının mevcut durumunu değerlendirmektedir. Bu araştırma, sağlam veri yönetimi uygulamalarına, etik çerçevelere, mevzuata uygunluğa ve beceri gelişimine yatırıma duyulan ihtiyacı vurgulayarak başarılı bir uygulama için gerekli stratejik hususlar hakkında fikir vermektedir. Güçlü yönlerin kullanılması, fırsatlardan yararlanılması ve zayıf yönler ile tehditlerin ele alınmasıyla ML/AI entegrasyonu, sağlık tedarik zincirinde devrim yaratma ve nihayetinde hasta bakımını iyileştirme potansiyeline sahiptir.

A ramp secret sharing scheme from finite fields

Selda Çalkavur — 2023-06-13

A ramp secret sharing scheme is a cryptographic method to encode a secret s into multiple shares s1, s2, … , sn that only from specified subsets of the shares one can recover s. In this paper, we construct a strong ramp secret sharing scheme based on finite fields.

Clinical Importance of Proximal Tibia in Total Knee Arthroplasty

Mehmet SELÇUK — 2023-06-13

The tibia is a thick and strong bone located medial to the leg. It is the longest bone in the body after the os femoris, supporting the body weight and transferring this weight to the talus via the ankle joint via the os femoris. It has two ends and a body. It articulates with the femur, fibula and talus. Total knee arthroplasty is used as an important treatment option in cases where conservative treatment options are not effective or in advanced degenerative disorders. The need for total knee arthroplasty surgery is increasing with advancing age. The general aim of total knee arthroplasty is to correct deformities, restore the function of the knee joint and relieve long-term pain. Thus, it helps both psychological and physical recovery by improving the patient's quality of life. Success of surgical intervention depends on the surgeon's experience and knowledge of the anatomy of the proximal tibia. Appropriate tibial implants will ensure the longevity of the knee prosthesis and rapid movement of the patient. Anthropometric data must be accurate and reliable in order to use the implant in a healthy way for many years. Differences between age, gender and race are clinically important in determining the dimensions of inserted prosthetic components. Defining the morphologic and morphometric properties of the proximal tibia will be useful in improving prosthesis fit, manufacturing and application. Morphometric studies on the proximal tibia in the Turkish population are scarce and these studies will significantly contribute to the design of the tibial component of the total knee prosthesis.

Polynomial-Based Approach for Efficient Function Computation of Symmetric Matrices Using Restarted Heavy Ball Method

Gul Karaduman — 2023-06-13

This paper presents a polynomial-based approach for efficiently computing functions of symmetric matrices by leveraging the Restarted Heavy Ball (RHB) method. The RHB method is employed to overcome the slow convergence issue commonly encountered when computing functions of symmetric matrices. The key idea of our approach is to approximate the desired function using a polynomial. By representing the function as a polynomial, we can leverage the efficient computation of polynomials to accelerate the overall function computation process. We introduce a systematic methodology for constructing an optimal polynomial approximation that minimizes the approximation error. To further enhance the convergence speed, we incorporate the Restarted Heavy Ball method into our polynomialbased approach. The Restarted Heavy Ball iteration is applied after a certain number of iterations to reset the computation process and mitigate the slow convergence behavior. The experimental results and analysis validate the effectiveness and practicality of our approach, highlighting its potential for various applications involving function computations of symmetric matrices. Overall, our polynomial-based approach, integrated with the Restarted Heavy Ball method, offers an efficient and accurate solution for computing functions of symmetric matrices. The experimental results and analysis validate the effectiveness and practicality of our approach, highlighting its potential for various applications involving function computations of symmetric matrices.

Bacteria Mineralizing Phytate In The Bean Rhizosphere In An Algerian Agro-Ecosystem

Ihsein Rokia AMINE-KHODJA — 2023-06-13

Phosphorus (P) is an essential element for plant growth, but its low bioavailability in soil often limits agricultural production, particularly for common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). This study aimed to investigate the presence of phytasic bacterial communities in soils with different levels of P deficiency, and their impact on the availability of P for P. vulgaris. The results showed that the phytasic bacterial communities carrying the BPP gene were present in both types of soils and were more abundant in the Pdeficient soil and in the rhizosphere compared to the P-rich soil and bulk soil, respectively. This study highlights the importance of these bacteria in promoting plant growth and suggests that their density is influenced by both soil type and the presence of the plant.

APPROXIMATION OF FUZZY NUMBERS BY FAVARD-SZASZMIRAKYAN OPERATORS OF MAX-PRODUCT

Sevilay KIRCI SERENBAY — 2023-06-13

– In this study, the definition of the generalized Favard-Szasz-Mirakyan operators of max-product kind is extended to an arbitrary compact interval, by proving that their order of uniform approximation is the same as in the particular case of the unit interval. We will show that if fuzzy numbers are presented in parametric form, the generalized Favard-Szasz-Mirakyan maximum product operator produces a set of fuzzy numbers such that it is approximately the same as the uncertainty and value of the fuzzy number.

Çevrimiçi Sınavlarda Başarısızlık Modlarının ve Etkilerinin Analizi: Lisans Öğrencilerinin Performansı Üzerine Bir Çalışma

Ertuğrul Ayyıldız — 2023-06-13

Online eğitim son yıllarda önemli ölçüde popülerlik kazanmıştır ve giderek artan sayıda lisans dersi, bir değerlendirme aracı olarak online sınavları içermektedir. Ancak, lisans öğrencileri arasında çevrimiçi sınavlarda gözlemlenen yüksek başarısızlık oranları, bu değerlendirme yönteminin etkinliği konusunda endişelere yol açmıştır. Bu çalışma, çevrimiçi sınavlardaki başarısızlık modlarını ve etkilerini analiz etmeyi ve lisans öğrencilerinin düşük performansına katkıda bulunan faktörleri araştırmayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu çalışma, lisans öğrencilerinin çevrimiçi sınavlarda karşılaştıkları zorlukların anlaşılmasına katkıda bulunmakta ve çevrimiçi değerlendirme yöntemlerinin tasarım ve uygulamasının iyileştirilmesi için değerli bilgiler sağlamaktadır. Eğitim kurumları, tespit edilen başarısızlık modlarını ele alarak ve önerilen stratejileri uygulayarak öğrencilerin çevrimiçi sınavlardaki başarısını destekleyebilir ve çevrimiçi eğitimin genel kalitesini artırabilir.

Modeling and Simulation of a Micro strip Antenna in Annular Geometry

Tahar BENMESSAOUD — 2023-06-13

Micro strip antenna has been widely developed over time due to its flexibility and easier to design. The aim of this work is the simulation of an Annular Micro strip Patch antenna using CST software (Computer Simulation Technology) in order to know its performance (Gain, the reflection parameter S11, directivity, efficiency…). Adding slots to the initial patch was determined to improve the main factors of these characteristics.

2023 Pazarcık Depremine Maruz Kalan Bir Yapının Zaman Tanım Alanında Dinamik Analizi

Furkan Yurdakul KAYIKÇI — 2023-06-13

Yapı ve zemin depremde birbirlerini etkiler. Bu durumdan dolayı yapıların tabanında ankastre mesnet olduğu varsayımına göre yapılan çözümler gerçekçi sonuçlar vermeyecektir. Depremde zeminin tepkisi yapının hareketini, yapının hareketi de zeminin tepkisi değiştirir. Yapı-zemin etkileşimi yapının ve zeminin dinamik özelliklerinden, zeminin histeretik davranışından, radyasyon sönümünden, zemin sıvılaşmasından, temelin gömülme derinliğinden etkilenir. Bu kadar fazla parametreden dolayı karmaşık bir konudur. Yapı-zemin etkileşim problemlerini çözmek için pek çok mühendisliğin bir arada çalışması gerekir. Bunun içinse literatürde pek çok yöntem ve yaklaşım geliştirilmiştir.

Kahramanmaraş ve Hatay Depremlerinden (6 ve 20 Şubat 2023) Kaynaklı Bina Yıkım Moloz Atıklarının Yol Üstyapı Tabanında Kullanımının Maliyet Değerlendirmesi

İhsan Güzel — 2023-06-13

Ülkemizde Doğu Anadolu fay hattında 6 ve 20 Şubat 2023 tarihlerinde Kahramanmaraş (Pazarcık, Elbistan ) ve Hatay (Yayladağı) merkezli depremlerden kaynaklı afet atığı depolarında büyük paya sahip olan bina inşaatı ve yıkım moloz atıkları yaklaşık 170 milyon ton olarak tahmin edilmiştir. Bina moloz atıklarınızdan geri dönüştürülmüş agrega temin edilmesinde malzemelerin ayrıştırma güçlükleri ve kullanım miktarı potansiyel engellerdendir. Bu engellerin etkisini azaltmak için malzemelerin karışık olarak kırılarak boyutlandırılması, elde edilecek 0-37,50 mm aralığında karışık geri dönüştürülmüş agrega (KGDA) karışımının üst yapı tabanında kullanımı planlanmıştır. KGDA karışımların literatürde belirtilen esneklik modülü değerleri referans alınarak Esnek Yol Üstyapı Projelendirme Rehberinde devlet yollarında 45- 60 milyon standart yükü aralığında hesaplanan gerekli üst yapı sayısı (SN) ile mevcut SN arasında farkı azaltacak alternatif üstyapı kesiti belirlenmiştir. Alternatif kesitle Rehberde minimum alt temel kalınlığı için belirtilen kesit tipinin maliyet karşılaştırılması yapılmıştır. Alternatif kesitte toplam granüler tabaka yapım maliyetlerinde %26 avantajlı olmasına karşın nakliye ve kamulaştırma maliyetlerinin dikkate alınarak ekonomik değerlendirmenin daha uygun olacağı tespit edilmiştir.

FARKLI MOTOR YAĞLAYICININ SEGMAN-SİLİNDİR ÇİFTİ ARASINDAKİ SÜRTÜNME VE AŞINMA ÖZELLİKLERİNE ETKİSİNİN İNCELENMESİ

İsmail Burunsuzoğlu — 2023-06-13

İçten yanmalı motorlarda kullanılan motor yağları direkt olarak motor performansı, verimliliği ve parça ömrü üzerinde önemli bir etkiye sahiptir. Bu nedenle motorlarda kullanılan yağlayıcıların seçimi önemidir. Motorlarda verim ve güç kaybının etkileyen en önemli parçalar segman-silindir çiftidir. Segmansilindir çifti arasında meydana gelen sürtünme motorlardaki mekanik verim kaybına neden olmaktadır. Ayrıca, motorlarda oluşan farklı yağlama rejimleri segman-silindir çifti arasında meydana gelen aşınma ve sürtünmeye etkisi büyüktür. Segman-silindir çifti arasında meydana gelen sürtünme ve aşınma miktarının belirlenmesi için aşınma test cihazında deneyler yapılmıştır. Çalışmada, farklı yağlayıcıların (10W40 ve 5W30) aşınma test cihazında farklı devir ve yük altında segman-silindir çifti arasında meydana gelene aşınma miktarı ve sürtünme katsayısı incelenmiştir. Deneysel çalışma sonucunda, yağlayıcı olarak 10W40 yağı kullanılması durumunda 5W30 yağlama yağını göre daha düşük sürtünme katsayısı elde edilmiştir. Maksimum sürtünme katsayısı ise 5W30 yağlama yağında elde dilmiştir.

Investigation of Surface Roughness Changes in The Machining of Carbon Steel Under Sustainable Conditions

Mustafa Kuntoğlu — 2023-06-13

In this study, surface roughness analysis was performed in the turning of C45 steel under Minimum Quantity Lubrication (MQL) and dry machining conditions. For this purpose, turning experiments were carried out using two different cutting speeds and feed parameters. In order to improve the machinability of C45 steel, which is one of the most used industrial materials, a graphical and statistical evaluation was made as well as the optimization approach. With three different evaluations, both the positive effect of MQL on the roughness in the turning process has been explained and different perspectives have been created for C45 steel in terms of surface roughness. The optimum values of the best surface roughness were determined and the cutting conditions was revealed as the most important parameter effecting the roughness by analysis of variance.

MORPHOLOGICAL HOMONYMY IN THE ADJECTIVE SYSTEM OF THE ALBANIAN LANGUAGE

Gilberta Hadaj — 2023-06-13

– In the Albanian language, two contrasting morphological developments are observed: overcharacterizations of grammatical forms and units of grammatical forms. However, the developments and trends of these phenomena have been and are of different degrees. Over characterizations are mainly consequences of historical developments, which belong to linguistic periods with generally wide inflection. But this phenomenon has been limited. The process of the unification of grammatical forms has been more extensive because the factors that have influenced this process have been more numerous and more active. The formal alignments in the Albanian language have proceeded in accordance with the general trend of its transition from a synthetic-analytical language to an analytical-synthetic language. The phenomenon of the unification of grammatical forms has not acted equally in all lexical-grammatical categories. So often the same grammatical meanings, grammatical forms have developed in different ways. The speed of their development is conditioned by the general syntactic connections and by the special syntagmatic connections.

Implementing Innovative CSR Practices to Improve the Company’s Perceived Value and Market Share in the context of Aviation Industry in the UAE

Mona Ali Awwad Mohamed — 2023-06-13

Purpose The UAE government has taken effective actions to enhance Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in the different business sectors. Empirical studies indicated that implementing innovative CSR practices could affect the organizational sustainable performance positively (Munir , Blount & Upadhaya 2018). Additionally, aviation industry sector is one of the major influential sectors. In the UAE context, this study aims to analyze some major areas of aviation industry in the UAE to explore implementing effective innovative CSR practices into the organizational system aiming to increase the customers’ loyalty and market share in the light of Kelley’s Attribution Theory (1973) and Carroll’s Triple Bottom Line Model (1991). Methodology- Secondary data in this research was gathered from reviewing the available literature. It helped in understanding the gaps and providing an overview of the existing information on the topic. Literature critical appraisal and comparative analysis was used to analyze the best practices related to implementing CSR effective practices into aviation industry aiming to increase the companies’ perceived values and market share. Findings- It was found that implementing incremental innovation smoothly in the context of UAE aviation industry aiming to improve CSR practices could lead to improving sustainable development and increase the perceived value. Also, it could be indicated that the sustainable development happens through improving CSR work environment and CSR organizational culture. Implications- The findings will aid the UAE aviation companies in gaining knowledge regarding implementing effective CSR practices and procedures which could lead to improving the firm’s perceived value and market share.

Occupational radiation exposure for dental radiation workers and diagnostic radiology workers in Albania

Irma Berdufi — 2023-06-13

The development of dental radiology in Albania has been over a century. Medical imaging is essential to dental practice. X-rays examinations help dentists to diagnose, plan treatments and monitor both treatments and lesion development. This study explored mainly the profile of dental radiation workers comparing it with the diagnostic radiology workers and their occupational radiation exposure in Albania for the period 2016 to 2020. The assessment and analysis procedures of this study were carried out at the personal dosimetry laboratory, Institute of Applied Nuclear Physics. The total number of monitored dental radiation workers increased from 39 in 2016 to 82 in 2020. The annual collective effective exposure dose fluctuated from 26.84man-Sv to 70.14man-Sv, and it showed an increasing trend. In addition, the average annual effective exposure dose of total monitored dental radiation workers varied from 0.73mSv to 0.87mSv. The total number of monitored diagnostic radiology workers increased from 196 in 2016 to 332 in 2020. The annual collective effective exposure dose fluctuated from 240.99man-Sv to 358.03man-Sv, and it has showed an increasing trend. The average annual effective exposure dose of total monitored diagnostic radiology workers varied from 1.08 mSv to 1.40 mSv. The results of the measured annual dose were well below the international recommended dose limit of 20 mSv.

Experimental And Numerical Comparison Of Shear And Buckling Of Metallic Beams With Circular Cuts In Their Webs

Mohamed Lyes Kamel Khouadjia — 2023-06-13

Cellular beams are becoming increasingly popular in metal construction due to their ability to meet technical and economic constraints and reduce floor thickness. However, it's essential to comply with regulations to ensure stability and preserve structures. In this work, we focus on the experimental and theoretical results of shear and buckling of IPE A 100 cellular beams with circular cuts in their webs subjected to a concentrated load. Results show that vertical displacement induced by transverse compression is affected by length, cuts in the web, load location, and beam stiffening. Comparison of experimental and theoretical results highlights the importance of conducting experimental tests to validate theoretical outcomes and ensure prediction accuracy

Assessment of drinking water quality in Tirana city, Albania

Shaniko Alljbeu — 2023-06-13

The analysis of drinking-water for metal contamination is an important step in ensuring human and environmental health. Samples were analyzed in order to determine the water quality in 30 tap from Tirana, Albania during the year 2018. The concentrations of 26 metals (µg/L) in drinking-water samples were determined using ICP-MS for all samples collected from different sites. With purpose to see if the concentrations of these elements in water have a negative impact on health problems, the results obtained were compared with the standard classification proposed by the WHO. From the comparison is obviously that the drinking water of Tirana is within the permitted norms regarding the metal content. The data set obtained was subjected to the FA analysis to identify water quality variables. Four dominant factors were extracted. FA1 represent the association of Na, Mg, Al, K, V, As, Se, Mo, Sb and Ba with lithogenic and anthropogenic emission (elements derived from traffic), and FA3 (Ni, Cu, Zn, Hg and Pb) is probably related to the influence of the old pipelines or their aerial deposition at the source.

FARKLI MOTOR YAĞLARININ SÜRTÜNME VE AŞINMA ÖZELLİKLERİNİN KARŞILAŞTIRMALI İNCELENMESİ

Oğuz Karabaş — 2023-06-13

çten yanmalı motorlarda birbiri ile temas halinde olan hareketli birçok parçadan meydana gelmektedir. Temas eden parçalarda zamanla aşınmaya bağlı olarak malzeme kaybına neden olmaktadır. Parçaların ömürlerini ve sürtünme miktarlarının azaltılması amacıyla yağlayıcılara ihtiyaç vardır. Motorlarda en fazla aşınma ve sürtünmenin olduğu parçalar segman-silindir çiftidir. Segman-silindir çifti arasındaki kaynaklanan sürtünme kaybı ile motor verimi önemli derecede azalmaktadır. Yakıttan elde edilen enerjinin daha fazla işe dönüştürülebilmesi için yağlama yağlarının farklı yük ve devirlerde istenilen yağ film kalınlığını oluşturarak tüm şartlarda hidrodinamik yağlama rejimini sağlayabilmesi gereklidir. Bu çalışmada; segman-silindir çifti arasında meydana gelen sürtünme ve aşınma miktarının tespiti için aşınma cihazında deneyler yapılmıştır. Deneysel çalışma farklı yük ve devirlerde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmada 0W20 yağlama yağı ile 10W40 yağlama yağlarının tribolojik özellikleri incelenmiştir. Deneysel çalışma sonucunda; aşınma cihazında yağlama yağı olarak 10W40 yağlama yağı kullanılması durumunda 0W20 yağlama yağına göre daha düşük sürtünme katsayısı ve aşınma miktarı tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca minimum sürtünme katsayısı ve aşınma miktarı 100 d/d’da elde edilmiştir.

Enhanced Strength and Flexibility of Ni-Co Nanocomposites through Electrodeposition with SiC Nanoparticles and SDS Additive

Mohammed Althamthami — 2023-06-13

This study focuses on the electrodeposition of Ni-Co nanocomposites using a modified Watts bath. The bath is supplemented with silicon carbide (SiC) nanoparticles and an organic additive, Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). The objective is to investigate the influence of these additions on the structure, mechanical properties, and flexibility of the resulting coatings. Hardness and weight loss tests are conducted, and the coatings are examined through microscopy. In conclusion, this study successfully demonstrates the electrodeposition of Ni-Co nanocomposites with improved strength and flexibility. The incorporation of SiC nanoparticles and the use of SDS as a surfactant show promising results. These findings have practical implications for enhancing electroplating techniques in various industries.

Cam ve Karbon Fiber Katkılı Kendiliğinden Yerleşen Harçlarda Taze Hal Özellikleri ve Erken Yaş Mekanik Özellikleri

Melek Akgül — 2023-06-13

Bu deneysel çalışma karbon fiber ve cam fiber katkılı kendiliğinden yerleşen harç (KYH) numunelerinde taze hal özellikleri ve erken yaş mekanik özelliklerini incelemektedir. Çalışma kapsamında kullanılan karbon ve cam fiber 6 mm uzunlukta seçilmiş ve 7 farklı KYH tasarımına hacimce % 0, % 0.1, % 0.2, % 0.3 oranında eklenmiştir. Üretilen KYH tasarımlarının taze hal özellikleri için mini çökmeyayılma testi, V-hunisi testi; erken yaş mekanik özellikleri için eğilmede çekme ve sonrası eksenel basınç dayanımı deneyleri ilgili standartlar uygun olarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışma verileri ışığında; cam ve karbon fiberin eklenmesi ile KYH numunelerin işlenebilirlik özelliklerinin olumsuz etkilenmesinin yanı sıra erken yaş eğilmede çekme ve eksenel basınç dayanımı verilerindeki düşüş değerlendirilmiştir. KYH üretiminde karbon veya cam fiber katkısının hacimce % 0.3 oranında kullanılması, EFNARC kriterleri ve işlenebilirlik özellikleri açısından sınır durum özelliği taşımaktadır.

YATIRIMCI DAVRANIŞLARI İLE HİSSE SENETLERİ GETİRİSİ ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİ İNCELEMESİ

Veli KORKMAZ — 2023-06-13

Yatırımcı duyarlılığı, davranışsal finans teorisinin temel kavramlarından biridir. Davranışsal finans teorisi, yatırımcıların rasyonel olmadıklarını ve çeşitli psikolojik faktörlerin etkisi altında yatırım kararı verdiklerini ileri sürmektedir. Bu faktörler arasında yatırımcıların finansal varlıkların gelecekteki nakit akışları ve riskine ilişkin olarak eldeki bilgiler ile desteklenmemesine rağmen oluşturdukları inanışlar önemli bir yer tutmaktadır. Bu inanışlar yatırımcı duyarlılığı olarak adlandırılır ve yatırımcıların yatırım kararlarını nasıl verdiklerini ve menkul kıymet taleplerinin nasıl oluştuğunu açıklamaya yardımcı olur. Yatırımcı duyarlılığı aynı zamanda menkul kıymetlerin fiyat ve getiri davranışlarını öngörmeye de katkı sağlar. Bu çalışma, Türkiye’de yatırımcı duyarlılığının hisse senedi piyasası üzerindeki etkisini araştırmaktadır. Bu amaçla, yatırımcı duyarlılığını temsilen tüketici güven endeksi (TGE) kullanılmıştır. TGE’nin hisse senedi piyasası ile ilişkisini incelemek için BIST 100 endeksi seçilmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında Ocak 2012-Mayıs 2023 dönemine ait aylık veriler kullanılmıştır. Veriler Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Merkez Bankası’nın elektronik veri dağıtım sisteminden elde edilmiştir. Çalışmada öncelikle verilerin durağanlık özellikleri Lee- Strazicich Durağanlık (Birim Kök) Testi ile test edilmiştir. Daha sonra veriler arasındaki nedensellik ilişkisi Toda-Yamamoto testi ile araştırılmıştır. Bu test, seriler arasındaki nedensellik ilişkisini eşbütünleşme durumuna bakmaksızın tespit etmeye olanak sağlamaktadır. Sonuçlar, TGE ile BIST 100 endeksi arasında tek yönlü nedensellik ilişkisi olduğunu göstermekte, bu da yatırımcı duyarlılığının hisse senedi piyasası hareketlerini etkilediğini göstermektedir. Çalışma, gelişmekte olan bir ülke bağlamında yatırımcı duyarlılığının rolüne ilişkin kanıtlar sunarak literatüre katkı sağlayacaktır.

Determination of The Radiation Shielding Performance of MoO2 Addition On PbO by Monte Carlo Simulation

Arzu COŞKUN — 2023-06-13

As it is known, lead is a toxic material, although it is used in shielding material. To develop alternative materials that can be used in radiation shielding, the effect of MoO2 additives on the mass absorption properties of PbO was investigated. 662 keV, 1173 keV, and 1332 keV gamma energies were used in the study. Radiation absorption properties of materials taken with the XCOM database and GATE simulation programs at each energy value are given comparatively. By using the obtained mass attenuation coefficient, mean free path, half-value thickness, and linear attenuation coefficients were calculated.

DC motor position control with Raspberry Pi on Simulink wireless external mode

Erdem Ilten — 2023-06-13

In recent years, the use of Raspberry Pi as a microcontroller in real-time applications has become widespread. In this study, Raspberry Pi is used for DC motor position control system. In addition, wireless communication is provided between the external control panel prepared in the Matlab/Simulink program and the Raspberry Pi. Thanks to this control panel, the system can be turned on and off, the controller gains can be changed, and the position information of the motor can be displayed on the scope in real-time.

Evaluation of the environmental and cost impact of a small diesel engine with ethanol-diesel and isopropanol-diesel fuel at varying engine loads and speeds

Halil Erdi Gülcan — 2023-06-13

Nowadays, alcohol additives such as ethanol and isopropanol are used to minimize emissions resulting from combustion in diesel engines. While these blends contribute to reducing emission values, it is also important to consider their environmental and cost implications. Therefore, this experimental study focuses on the emission characteristics and the environmental and cost impact of alcohol additives in diesel fuel. The experiments were conducted at low and medium engine torques (3 Nm and 6 Nm) and various engine speeds (1000, 1500, 2000, and 2500 rpm). Additionally, three different test fuels were used in the experiments, including standard diesel fuel, as well as diesel fuel with volumetric additions of 7% ethanol (E7) and 7% isopropanol (IP7) alcohol additives. The emission values of all test fuels were measured, and an analysis of environmental influence and cost was conducted. Upon examining the results, it is evident that the addition of alcohol to diesel fuel significantly increased the environmental influence and cost at low engine speeds, while it led to a decrease at high engine speeds. Furthermore, the increase in engine load contributed to emission reduction due to higher combustion temperatures, thereby contributing to a decrease in both cost and environmental influence.

Assessing the performance of metal industry companies using novel hybrid MEREC-WASPAS methods

Ahmet Çalık — 2023-06-13

Business managers all over the world are tackling a variety of shifts in organizations that have a substantial influence on structures, processes, and people in addition to economic volatility, geopolitical unpredictability, and the COVID-19 pandemic's long-lasting repercussions. Managers should already be trying to increase their company’s revenue in 2023 compared to the previous year. The COVID-19 epidemic and other recent disruptions have demonstrated how brittle business performance is. As a result, corporations have begun to evaluate their performance with less enthusiasm. To handle the performance analysis problem for ISO500 companies in the metal industry, a novel integrated decision-making model that takes into account some key indicators is developed. This model is based on MEREC for computing the criteria weights and the WASPAS technique for evaluating the alternatives. An example of the metal industry is considered to demonstrate the validity and applicability of the suggested method. The 20 companies are evaluated using the developed methodology. The İskenderun Demir ve Çelik A.Ş. company was found to be the best choice for performance assessment of companies. Regarding key indicators, exports, and equity capital, İskenderun Demir ve Çelik A.Ş. is in a very favorable position. Sensitivity analysis tests are run in order to show the robustness of the results.

A Comparative Finite Element Effort for Detection of the Effect of Epoxy and Rubber Interlayers on Temperature and Force Induced Stress Behavior in Metallic Laminate Composites

Çağın Bolat — 2023-06-13

Recently, metallic laminate composites have been considered attractive for lots of industries like automotive, aviation, aerospace, construction, and defense owing to their high specific strength, impact resistance, and lightweight. In this paper, different from the previous literature efforts, temperature-induced deformation behaviors of polymer layer-added metallic laminates were analyzed via a finite element approach. As interlayer polymers, epoxy, and rubber were used separately between the metallic plates. The simulation results showed that as the ambient temperature increased from 20°C to 100°C fixed side of the model reflected higher stress levels. Also, when force levels went up total deformation escalated for both epoxy-added and rubber-added models. In addition, from the outcomes, it was obvious that polymeric interlayers had a blocking effect for excess stress concentrations on the whole design geometry and had the capacity to reduce the total weight compared to solely metallic combinations that are vulnerable to unwanted delamination.

MA Method of Triple Sequence Space

Ayhan Esi — 2023-06-13

In this paper, we introduce the MA −method using by triple sequence A = (Amnk) and discuss general topological properties of this method.

SiC ile Güçlendirilen AZ91 Kompozitlerinin Farklı Yükler Altında Aşınma Davranışının İncelenmesi

Muhammet Yüce — 2023-06-13

Bu çalışmada magnezyum AZ91 alaşım tozuna silisyum karbür (SiC) takviyesi %1, %3, %5, %10, %20, %30, oranında eklenerek toz metalürjisi yöntemiyle AZ91 matrisine sahip kompozit üretilmiştir. Üretim esnasında geleneksel öğütme yöntemi kullanılmaksızın mekanik karıştırma ile tozlar etanol içerisinde karıştırılmış ve kurutulmuştur. Numuneler 600 MPa şekillendirilmiş ve 520 oC argon atmosferinde 60 dakika sinterlenmiştir. Üretilen numunelerin aşınma performansları incelenmiştir. Farklı oranlarda silisyum karbür katkılı magnezyum AZ91 alaşım kompozitlerinin 5 ve 10 newton yüklerde ve 200 dev/dk dönüş hızında aşınma testleri gerçekleştirildi. Aşınma testlerinde karşı disk olarak 50 HRC sertliğe sahip AISI304 paslanmaz çelik disk kullanılmıştır. Aşınma yükü 5 newton iken katkı oranın artmasıyla aşınma performansının doğrusal olarak arttığı gözlemlenmiştir. Aşınma yükünün 10 newton olmasıyla katkı oranı ile aşınma performansı arasında doğrusal bir ilişki kurulamamış ve bu durumun nelerden kaynaklanabileceği tartışılmıştır. Aşınma yükünün 5 newton olduğu çalışmada, en iyi aşınma direncini %30 SiC katkılı numune olurken, en kötü aşınma direncini %1 SiC katkılı numune sağlamıştır. 10 newtonluk yüklemede ise en iyi aşınma direnci %30 SiC katkılı numune, en kötü aşınma direncini %5 SiC katkılı numune vermiştir.

Emlak Pazarlamasında Teknoloji Kullanımı ve Dijitalleşme

Bülent Atmacan — 2023-06-13

Emlak müşterilerinin emlak pazarlamasında çok yoğun kullanılan teknolojik ortamlardan beklentileri her geçen gün artmaktadır. Dijital ortam tasarımcılarının artan beklentileri karşılaması için istek ve ihtiyaçları doğru tespit etmesi ve beklentilere etki eden faktörleri detaylı şekilde analiz etmesi gerekmektedir. Covid döneminde yaşanan olumsuzluklar, hem iktisadi hem de sosyal hayatta dünyayı yeniden şekillendirmiştir. Covid sürecinde yaşanan tecrübeler covid sonrası için yeni farkındalıkların ortaya çıkmasına, ihtiyaçların yeniden değerlendirilmesine neden olurken, insanları daha fazla dijital teknolojilere bağımlı hale getirmiştir. Müşterilerin dijital teknolojileri kullanmak zorunda kalması, mevcut tasarımlardaki eksiklikleri daha iyi görmelerini sağlamıştır. Salgın döneminde pazarlama konusunda emlak sektörü en dezavantajlı sektör olmuş, geleneksel pazarlama yöntemleri kullanılamaz duruma gelmiştir. Bu olumsuzlukları atlatabilmek için dijital pazarlamada kullanılan teknolojilerin tasarım yapılarında da yenilik yapılması zorunlu hale gelmiştir. Dijital ortam tasarımcılarının artan beklentileri karşılaması için istek ve ihtiyaçları doğru tespit etmesi ve beklentilere etki eden faktörleri detaylı şekilde analiz etmesi gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmada emlak pazarlamasında kullanılan dijital teknolojiler ile önümüzdeki dönemlerde kullanılması beklenen dijital uygulamalar araştırılmıştır.

GEMİLERDE YÜKSEKTE ÇALIŞMA RİSKLERİN FİNE KİNNEY YÖNTEMİYLE ANALİZİ

Mehmet DEMİRDAĞ — 2023-06-13

İş sağlığı ve güvenliği yaşamımızın bir parçası olarak görmeli, sadece çalışma esnasında değil her an yaşanma ihtimali bulunan tehlikeli durum, hareketler ve kazalar için önemini göz ardı edilmemelidir. 6331 sayılı İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği Kanunun amacı kapsamında işveren, çalışan veya çalışanların çalışma ortamındaki risklerin önleme, kısa bilgi ve eğitim verilmesi, tedbir alınması ve önleyici iyileştirmeler için sağlık ve güvenlik şartlarını sağlamakla yükümlüdür. Çalışma hayatı iş sağlığı ve güvenliği bakımından iş türüne bağlı olarak tehlikesi ve riskleri incelendiğinde, sonuçları facialara neden olabilecek bir olayın tetikleyicisi olabilir. Çalışma bölgelerinde iş gereği birçok işlem aynı anda gerçekleşmesi ile tehlikeli durum ve hareketler oluşmaktadır. İş kazaları araştırmaları ve incelemelerinde, iş kazalarının meydana gelmesi tehlikeli durumlar, tehlikeli hareketler ve önlenemeyen durumlardan dolayıdır. Çalışma esnasında bir personelin yüksekten düşmesi, patlama, boğulma, zehirlenme ve elektrik çarpması gibi aynı anda birden fazla olayın oluşmasına neden olabilir. Ticaretin ve teknolojinin gelişmesi denizcilik sektörünün ve gemilerin önemini ortaya çıkartmıştır. Gemilerde birden çok tehlike bulunmakta ve bu tehlikeler kaynaklı risklerin belirlenmesi ve önleyici faaliyetlerin oluşturulması gerekmektedir. Gemilerin tersane veya limanlarda çalışma ortamları anlık olarak değişmekte ve bu ortamların oluşturduğu tehlikelere yönelik hemen aksiyon alınıp tehlikenin bertaraf edilmesi gerekmektedir. Bu kapsamda çalışmanın amacı, uluslararası ticarette önemli yere sahip olan gemilerdeki yüksekte çalışma şartlarının ve risklerinin belirlenmesi ve risklerin Fine Kinney yöntemiyle analizinin yapılmasıdır.

Hiperparemetreleri Ayarlanmış Makine Öğrenmesi Yöntemleri Kullanılarak Ağdaki Saldırıların Tespiti

Doğan EROL — 2023-06-13

Bilişim teknolojilerinde yaşanan hızlı gelişmeler her geçen gün bilgisayar ve internet kullanan kişi sayısını artırmaktadır. Teknolojide yaşanan yeni gelişmelerle birlikte internet kullanıcıları, bilgisayar veya ağ yapılarında güvenlik açığı olmasından dolayı çeşitli güvenlik tehditleri ile karşı karşıya gelmektedir. Bazı kötü niyetli internet kullanıcılarının veya bilgisayar korsanlarının yaptıkları saldırı denemeleri sonucunda ağ üzerinde bulunan sistemlere izinsiz girişlerin tespit edildiği gözlemlenmektedir. Maruz kalınan izinsiz girişlerin engellenmesi için internet kullanıcıları Saldırı Tespit Sistemleri, antivirüs ve trojan tespit etme ve engelleme programları kullanmaktadırlar. Bu amaçla son yıllarda, saldırıların tespit edilmesi için makine öğrenmesi algoritmalarının kullanımı bir hayli artmıştır. Bu çalışmada ağdaki trafiğin saldırı olup olmadığının tespiti için ikili sınıflandırma yapılmış olup saldırı olarak sınıflandırılan trafik, saldırı türlerine göre sınıflandırılmıştır. Bu çalışmada, Saldırı Tespit Sistemleri’nde sıkça kullanılan veri setlerinden biri olan Kaggle platformundan alınan NSL- KDD veri seti kullanılmıştır. Veri seti üzerine topluluk öğrenme algoritmalarından RandomForest, DecisionTree, ExtremeGradientBoosting (XgBoosting), GradientBoosting, KNN ve Bagging uygulanmış ve analizi yapılmıştır. Çalışmada Yapay Sinir Ağları algoritmaları ile hiperparametre optimizasyonu gerçekleştirilerek multi-class sınıflandırma da denenmiştir. Yüksek doğruluk elde edilmesine karşın klasik makine öğrenmesi metotlarından daha düşük sonuçlar elde edilmiştir. Makine öğrenmesi algoritmalarıyla elde edilen başarılı sonuçlar sayesinde Saldırı Tespit Sistemleri üzerinde iyileştirmeler ve düzenlemelere gidilebilir.

Treatment of Pharmaceutical Industry Wastewater by PhotoelectroFenton Oxidation

A.Elif ATEŞ — 2023-06-13

The use of Photoelectro-Fenton oxidation to treat real pharmaceutical effluent is an attractive option for the elimination of complex and persistent organic contaminants. This advanced oxidation process combines the electrochemical generation of highly reactive hydroxyl radicals (OH• ) with the photochemical degradation of by-products, resulting in the efficient removal of pharmaceutical compounds from wastewater. In the Photoelectro-Fenton process, an appropriate anode material, such as BDD or DSA, is used to generate OH• radicals through the electrochemical oxidation of Fe2+ ions. The addition of a small amount of Fe2+ and H2O2 facilitates the Fenton reaction, leading to the production of additional OH• radicals in the solution. The presence of these OH• radicals ensures the effective oxidation of pharmaceutical pollutants, which are often resistant to conventional wastewater treatment methods. The use of UV or sunlight irradiation further enhances the Photoelectro-Fenton process by promoting the photodecomposition of intermediate by-products formed during the oxidation process. This simultaneous electrochemical and photochemical degradation mechanism provides synergistic effects, resulting in enhanced degradation and mineralization of pharmaceutical compounds. Studies have demonstrated the successful application of Photoelectro-Fenton oxidation for the treatment of real pharmaceutical wastewater, showing significant removal efficiencies for a wide range of pharmaceutical compounds, including antibiotics, analgesics, and hormones. Additionally, the process has been shown to effectively degrade recalcitrant by-products and reduce the overall toxicity of the wastewater. However, it is important to consider factors such as optimal pH, Fe2+ and H2O2 dosages, irradiation intensity, and reaction time to achieve optimal treatment efficiency. Furthermore, the cost-effectiveness and scalability of the Photoelectro-Fenton process need to be evaluated for its potential implementation in large-scale wastewater treatment facilities.

Static Structural Analysis of A Skateboard Wheel With Different Materials

Aytek Kerem Küçük — 2023-06-13

– Skateboarding starts shrouded in mystery. We do know that it first started in the1950s, when all across California surfers got the idea of trying to surf the streets. No one really knows who made the first board. This sport, which is practiced by young people all over the world, is very common with the effect of being a place of origin especially in the USA, and it is assumed that it is practiced by approximately 7 million people. Due to this intense interest, there are thousands of stores and skate parks besides hundreds of related brands. In this study skateboard wheel with different materials were compared according to static structural analysis results. Firstly, a skateboard wheel design was made and this skateboard wheel design was analyzed using the ansys finite element method. ABS (high impact plastic) and Carbon Fiber was used as skateboard wheel materials. ABS is cheap material that allows mass produced wheels. Which makes skateboards way cheaper. On the other hand, Carbon Fiber is very expensive and needs more time to produce. Carbon fiber is way more durable than ABS plastic. But its riding quality and the cost is lagging behind ABS plastic.

YAPAY ZEKA DESTEKLİ BEYİN GÖRÜNTÜLERİ ÜZERİNDE TÜMÖR TESPİTİ

Büşra Özcan — 2023-06-13

Günümüzde yapay zeka uygulamaları sağlık sektöründe büyük bir ivme kazanmıştır. Hem hız hem doğruluk açısından tercih edilmektedir. Bu çalışma kapsamında insan hayatı için kritik rol oynayan beyin tümörleri tespiti için en güncel obje tespit algoritmaları uygulanmış ve en iyi sonucu veren model tespit edilmiştir. Popüler ve güncel YOLO modellerinden olan YOLOv5, YOLOv7 ve YOLOv8 uygulanmıştır. Model eğitilmeden önce beyin tümörleri tespitinde daha iyi sonuç vermesi adına görüntüler üzerinde renk dönüşümleri, histogram eşitleme, renk kanalları ve bu kanallar üzerinde filtre işlemleri gerçekleştirilmiş ve en belirgin olan sonuç tüm görsellere uygulanmıştır. Bu işlemler sonucunda en iyi sonucu en güncel YOLO modeli olan YOLOv8 %87 mAP değeri ile vermiştir.

Kablosuz Şarj İstasyonun Elektrik Şebekeleri Üzerindeki Harmonik Kaynaklı Etkisi için Tek Ayarlı Filtre Tasarımı ve Optimizasyonu

Haris Calgan — 2023-06-13

Elektrikli Araçların tercihindeki hızlı artış, bu araçlar için ihtiyaç duyulan şarj istasyonlarının kurulumunu da hızlandırmıştır. Ancak alçak gerilim seviyesindeki bu yük artışının şebekeye çeşitli etkileri olmaktadır. Özellikle kablosuz enerji transferine olanak sağlayan şarj istasyonları içerdiği yüksek frekansla çalışan çeşitli dönüştürücüler yüzünden şebekeden harmonikli akım çekmektedir. Bu çalışmada Matlab/Simulink programı üzerinde kurulan elektrikli araç kablosuz şarj istasyonunun şebeke üzerindeki harmonik kaynaklı etkilerinin azaltılması için tek ayarlı pasif filtre tasarımı ve optimizasyonu gerçekleştirilmiştir. Filtresiz ve filtreli çalıştırılan sistemin toplam harmonik distorsiyonu (THD) değerleri karşılaştırılarak filtreli çalıştırma koşullarında THDv ve THDi değerlerinin sırasıyla %1.95 ve %3.06 değerlerine kadar düşürüldüğü görülmektedir.

Housing Policy and Public Private Partnership in service delivery in Lagos, Nigeria

Owolabi Babatunde Oluwaseyi — 2023-06-13

The need for affordable and adequate housing has become a central issue in addressing the challenges of poverty and growth. It is a requirement for all communities and individuals, and it ranks second only to food in terms of their survival. The well-being of the community is greatly affected by the availability of adequate housing. It contributes to the overall health and well-being of the society and is regarded as the best form of historical and physical evidence of civilization. The availability of affordable and adequate housing is also a major issue that contributes to the overall health and well-being of the society. Over the years, the government has been providing various forms of public housing to its citizens. These include safe, secure, and sanitary housing for low, medium, and high-income households. In order to meet the goals of the United Nations, the government has been working toward making all cities, towns, and settlements safe, resilient, and sustainable by 2030. Unfortunately, due to various factors, the government has been unable to achieve this objective. To address this issue, the private-public partnership schemes launched by the government have been designed to provide affordable and adequate housing. The paper aims to investigate the various factors that affect the delivery of housing services in Lagos by examining the housing policies and practices related to the private-public partnership and housing sector in the city. It was revealed that the finance, land, and affordability of housing are some of the factors that influence the effectiveness of the private-public partnership schemes. It suggests that the government should pay more attention to the various agencies and institutions that are responsible for the delivery of housing to ensure that everyone has access to a proper place of residence.

Composite Materials Used In Helicopter Fuselage And Ansys Analysis

Hasan Hüseyin Köse — 2023-06-13

Composites are materials that obtained by bringing together two or more different materials in a certain ratio and appropriate circumstances to gain the desired purpose. Due to the high strength/density ratio, composites are widely used. Their low density contributes fuel economy savings in vehicles and advantageously to increase speed. Also because of their low density, military equipments such as armours, weapons can be carried with less effort. The applications of composites in defence industry are increasing. The composite materials which are used in military aircrafts such as planes, helicopters; armoured vehicles such as tanks and panzers; heavy trucks for using military transportation, bullet proof vest, weapon bodies are used more and more in different applications. In recent years, with developing technology, the role and application areas of composite materials in defence industry are increasing rapidly. The use of composite materials in helicopter fuselage, unmanned aerial vehicle, tank and aircraft armour, aircraft tail and wing components and landing field makes significant contributions to the development of the defence industry. In this study, we examined the composite materials used in the helicopter fuselage and made ANSYS analysis.

Design Process and Flow Field Analysis of a Double Divergent Supersonic Nozzle: Enhancing Efficiency and Performance

Hakim KBAB — 2023-06-13

The dual bell nozzle concept's primary goal is to increase performance through the idea of selfadaptation for two operating regimes without mechanical activation. The dual bell nozzle type known as the planar double divergent nozzle (DDN) has a rectangular cross section. In this study we propose a numerical method for the design of the nozzle profile with double planar divergent. The design of the double divergent nozzle is carried out in two parts. The first divergent is a contour of a two-dimensional supersonic nozzle with a sharp-edged throat that gives uniform parallel flow at the exit. The method of characteristic applied to the two-dimensional isentropic flow of an ideal gas was used for the design of a supersonic planar nozzle. The contour of the second divergent (nozzle extension) is a polynomial. This is achieved using the direct method of characteristics. A numerical analysis of a double divergent nozzle, and a planar nozzle with the same area ratio and the same length using ANSYS-Fluent software. The analysis's findings indicated that the double divergent nozzle had a weight decrease of 0.61%. The thrust increase is estimated at 3.88% in the low-altitude operating mode for the double divergent nozzle.

BT Görüntüleri Kullanılarak Kanatlı Costae’larının 3b Modellenmesi

Süleyman YÜKSEL — 2023-06-13

Kanatlılarda göğüs kafesini lateral’den sınırlandıran costae’lar kendi içerisinde costae incompletae ve costae completae olmak üzere ikiye ayrılır. Costae incompletae sternum’a bağlanmazken, costae completae doğrudan veya dolaylı yoldan sternum’a bağlanır. Costae completae; costae vertebrales ve costae sternales olmak üzere iki kısma ayrılır. Costae’lar basit yapılar olmasına rağmen iki boyutlu fotoğraflar ile anlaşılması her anatomik yapıda olduğu gibi zordur. Çalışmamızda BT yöntemi ile DICOM görüntüleri üzerinden “Materialise Mimics Innovation Suite 23” yazılımı sayesinde 3b modeller oluşturulmuştur. Bu modellerdeki eksiklikler ve hatalar, kanatlılardan elde edilen bulgular ile fotoğraflar kullanılarak “Maxon Zbrush 2023” yazılımı aracılığıyla düzeltilmiştir. Oluşturulan modellerin, kaynak sayısı az olan ve anlaşılması güç olan kanatlı anatomisinin anlaşılmasını kolaylaştıracağı, materyallere erişimi kolaylaştıracağı ve literatüre katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.

Mechanical Properties of Basalt Fiber Reinforced Perlite Aggregate Cement Mortars

Ahmet FİLAZİ — 2023-06-13

– In this study, the mechanical properties of basalt fiber reinforced perlite aggregate cement mortars were investigated. The aim of the research was to determine the effect of basalt fiber on the strength properties of cement mortar and to identify the optimal fiber content. Specimens with different proportions of basalt fiber were prepared, and their compressive and flexural strengths were measured at 7 days and 28 days. A control specimen with no fiber reinforcement (B0) was used for comparison. The results showed that basalt fiber generally enhanced the strength of the cement mortar. The specimens with basalt fiber reinforcement exhibited higher compressive and flexural strengths compared to the control specimen (B0). Particularly, a more significant increase in strength values was observed in the specimens with basalt fiber at the 28-day testing period. However, the effect of basalt fiber content and distribution varied among the specimens. In some specimens (B1.5, B2, B3), a slight decrease in strength was observed at certain testing periods. This study highlights the significance of basalt fiber reinforced perlite aggregate cement mortars as a research area, considering the increasing demand for their use in construction applications.

The Effect of Material Ratios on Technical Properties in Fly Ash and Blast Furnace Slag Based Aluminum Chip Reinforced Geopolymer Mortars

Ahmet FİLAZİ — 2023-06-13

In this article, it is investigated how the increase in aluminum chips ratio affects the spread diameter, flexural strength, compressive strength and electrical conductivity of fly ash basis (UA) series and blast furnace slag based (YA) series aluminum chips reinforced geopolymer mortars. It was observed that there was a decrease of 11.29% in spread diameter for the UA series from UAO to UA15, while the YA series showed a decrease of 19.62%. The increase in aluminum chip waste content resulted in a significant decrease in flexural strength and compressive strength of the material. Furthermore, it was stated that the increase in the aluminum chips ratio had an effect on the electrical conductivity of the material. Samples produced with blast furnace slag had lower resistivity and higher electrical conductivity than samples produced with fly ash. The importance of aluminum waste and aluminum shavings ratio in terms of sustainability was emphasized. The recycling and reuse of waste aluminum contributes to energy savings and reduction of environmental impact, while at the same time prolonging the life of materials and conserving natural resources. As a result, it was seen that the increase in the aluminum chip ratio had a significant effect on the material properties. It was concluded that careful management of aluminum waste, promoting recycling processes and evaluating alternative production methods are a critical step in achieving sustainability goals.

Exploring the Potential of Decentralized Currency for E-Commerce: Case Study of an E-Commerce Website Using Decentralized Currency

Burak Yakup Aksoy — 2023-06-13

The purpose of this project is to develop Crypto Market, an innovative online shopping site that accepts Ethereum payments using Web3 technologies. The approach included using ReactJS for front-end development, integrating WalletConnect and MetaMask for secure purchases, and using the PostgreSQL database with the Django Rest framework for efficient data management. The goal was to create an easyto-learn interface that would appeal to a wide range of users. The main results of the project were the successful integration of WalletConnect and MetaMask, which allow users to securely transfer Ethereum from their personal wallets to the site’s pool wallet with minimal transaction fees. The integration of CoinGecko has increased transparency for customers by showing them the real-time dollar equivalent of the Ethereum price on product pages. Additionally, the existence of a membership system enabled user registration and facilitated store opening requests, providing access to a dedicated panel for product management for approved vendors. Important results from this research show that Web3 technologies offer a secure shopping experience using Ethereum. WalletConnect and MetaMask integration provided a reliable environment for transactions, minimizing the risk of failed or incorrect payments. The successful adoption of cryptocurrency as a payment method in the context of online shopping highlights the potential of decentralized finance in traditional e-commerce applications. In summary, the Crypto Market project demonstrates the advantages and feasibility of incorporating cryptocurrency payments into online shopping sites. With this research, it has been revealed that cryptocurrencies should be more involved in commercial transactions and that they are a system that can be easily integrated.

Top-Down Approaches in Human Pose Estimation: A State-of-the Art Review

Yusuf Enes Bölükbaşı — 2023-06-13

This paper offers a comprehensive exploration of top-down approaches in human pose estimation, a key facet of computer vision. These approaches primarily focus on identifying the human subject in an image or video, followed by determining the spatial configuration of their body joints. Such techniques are instrumental in an array of sectors, from healthcare and sports analytics to entertainment and security systems. The document delves into the foundations of top-down pose estimation, presenting a review of established and emerging models. It explicates the role of key performance metrics, including Average Precision (AP), AP at specific Intersection over Union (IoU) thresholds (AP50, AP75), Average Recall (AR), and AR at an IoU of 0.50, in appraising the efficiency and reliability of these models. The paper underscores the substantial strides made in top-down pose estimation and discusses their efficacy in managing diverse real-world scenarios. It draws attention to the various challenges associated with these techniques, such as handling occlusions, processing images or videos with multiple individuals, and addressing computational constraints. In conclusion, while top-down approaches in pose estimation have shown notable progress and promise, there exist avenues for further research and development. This paper intends to provide a foundational understanding of these techniques and a platform for future advancements in the field.

Integrating Technologies for a Seamless Play-to-Earn Experience: A Case Study on a Hyper-Casual Mobile Game with a Decentralized Ecosystem

Recep AKKAYA — 2023-06-13

This project integrates Web 3.0, web development, and mobile game development to create a play-to-earn (P2E) mobile game with a web component. The objective of this project is to seamlessly combine a mobile game with a website and a distinctive token ecosystem to provide players with an enjoyable experience. For the purposes of creating mobile games, websites, and smart contracts, respectively, the Unity Game Engine and the "Next.js' framework, Solidity, are employed. The project makes use of Web3 Modal, the MetaMask extension, Microsoft Azure PlayFab for player management, and Web3 Modal for a seamless interface with blockchain networks. The main outcomes of the project include successful implementations like a mobile game with simple gameplay that players can quickly understand and a website with an interface that will allow you to withdraw crypto tokens securely using smart contracts. By offering real benefits like personalized crypto tokens, the idea increases player participation. The primary conclusion to be drawn from this project is that combining gaming with blockchain integration results in a unique and engaging experience for gamers. In conclusion, our study shows that integrating several technologies to improve user experiences in the gaming and blockchain areas is both feasible and potentially rewarding.

Binder-Free NiS@PPy Nanocomposite Cathode for High-Performance Supercapacitors

Hamza DUNYA — 2023-06-13

Industrialization and the increase in the world population increase the need for energy. Supercapacitors are preferred because of their features such as high specific power, long life, environmental friendliness, fast charge, and discharge rates. Supercapacitors are divided into two categories as EDLC and pseudo capacitors. Pseudo capacitors use materials that exhibit pseudo capacitance, such as transition metal oxides/sulphides and conductive polymers. Electrochemical studies and synthesis methods of polymerbased metal oxide composites, polyaniline and polypyrrole are examined in detail. Evaluating the various methods used in the preparation of supercapacitor electrodes, an idea is presented on the selection of suitable materials for electrochemical applications. Conductive polymers have good capacitance behavior but low cyclic stability. Transition metal sulfides exhibit electrochemical performance with high capacitance values and excellent redox reversibility. This study investigates NiS/PPy polymer as supercapacitor electrode material. The NiS structure was synthesized using Na2S and nickel foam. NiS-PPy coating was carried out by electrochemical coating method. Structures were characterized by XRD and SEM, electrochemical studies such as cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic discharge (GCD) were carried out. By incorporating NiS into the PPy matrix, the C value was increased from 22.22 to 1404 F g -1

Effect Of Radius On Deep Drawing Stress Analysis

Recep Özbek — 2023-06-13

In this study, die, punch and sheet metal are designed in Solidworks package program, and then radius are given to die and punch, and stress analyzes are examined in Ansys package program. The results of the analysis resulted as we expected, and as the amount of radius we gave increased, the stresses decreased. The aim of this study is to show the effect of radius in the deep drawing process and to show that both time saving and economy can be achieved thanks to analysis programs such as Ansys package program.

Bilinen CNN mimarilerinin görsel Captcha sınıflandırması açısından değerlendirilmesi

Abdulmuttalip DURAN — 2023-06-13

İnternet siteleri erişim sağlayan kullanıcıların gerçek kişi mi yoksa robot mu olduğunu tespit etmek için captcha güvenlik sistemleri kullanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada derin öğrenme teknikleri kullanılarak görsel captcha’ların görsellerinin sınıflandırılması yapılmıştır. Projede Keras kütüphanesi altında bulunan tüm iyi bilinen CNN derin öğrenme modelleri test edilmiştir. İlk olarak tüm modeller kullanılarak analizler yapılmıştır. 95%’nin üzerinde başarı gösteren algoritmaların epoch değerleri artırılarak tekrar testler yapılmıştır. Testler sonucunda en başarılı sonuç 98.89% doğruluk değeriyle EfficientNetB1 ve EfficientNetB3 modellerinde elde edilmiştir.

Yapay Zekâ Algoritmaları ile Dünya Mutluluğunu Tahminleme

Abdulmuttalip DURAN — 2023-06-13

– Mutluluk bireyin yaşam kalitesini değerlendirme biçimidir ve ekonomik, sosyal, ulusal, kişisel ve coğrafi etmenlerden etkilenmektedir. Mutluluğu etkileyen bu faktörler makine öğrenmesi yöntemlerinde kullanılarak dünya ülkelerinin mutluluğu tahmin edilebilmektedir. Bu çalışmada; makine öğrenmesi algoritmaları kullanılarak dünya ülkelerinin mutluluğu tahmin edilmiştir. Makine öğrenmesi yöntemlerinden SVM, Ensemble, GPR, Tree, Lineer Regression ve Neural Network algoritmaları kullanılmıştır. Dünya ülkelerinin mutluluğunu tahminlemede en başarılı makine öğrenmesi algoritması varsayılan hiperparametreler kullanıldığında 0.48281 RMSE değeriyle SVM algoritmasıdır. Daha sonra hiperparametre optimizasyonu yapılmıştır. Optimizasyon sonrasında ise en başarılı yöntem 0.45746 RMSE değeriyle yine SVM algoritmasıdır.

Design of MnS@MWCNT Nanocomposite Cathode for Ultra-high Efficient Supercapacitors

Mahir GULEN — 2023-06-13

The aim of this study was to investigate the usability of MnS (Manganese Sulfide) nanoparticles in supercapacitor applications. MnS nanoparticles were synthesized using the microwave synthesis method. Additionally, a multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) was incorporated into the MnS structure to prepare MnS@%10MWCNT. The microwave synthesis method was chosen due to its fast, energy-efficient, and easily controllable synthesis process. The size and morphological properties of the synthesized nanoparticles were determined using analytical techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results demonstrated that the microwave-synthesized MnS nanoparticles possessed a crystalline structure and a homogeneous distribution. The incorporation of MWCNT was confirmed through SEM images and XRD analysis. Subsequently, the usability of the synthesized MnS and MnS@%10MWCNT nanoparticles in supercapacitor applications was evaluated. The supercapacitor performance was examined using electrochemical characterization methods such as cyclic voltammetry and continuous charge-discharge tests. The results of the study revealed that MnS nanoparticles exhibited high capacitance and fast charge-discharge characteristics in supercapacitor devices. Furthermore, it was observed that the capacitance and stability increased with the incorporation of MWCNT. This study demonstrates the potential of MnS and MnS@%10MWCNT nanoparticles in energy storage. The microwave-synthesized MnS and MnS@%10MWCNT nanoparticles highlight their potential in supercapacitor applications. These findings represent an important step towards the expansion of nanomaterials' utilization in energy storage and the development of more efficient supercapacitor devices.

Design and Static Analysis Of A Phone Holder With Powerbank Unit

Mesut Işın — 2023-06-13

With the development of technology and the virtual world, the time people spend with their phones and tablets has increased. As a result of the increase in technology consumption, products that will make our lives easier have entered. One of these products is a wooden phone holder. This product has been produced for us to watch movies, series or live broadcasts comfortably at home and outdoors. In this study, added a power bank unit in addition to the classic wooden phone holder. Designed it with Solidworks 2020 program and analyzed it with Ansys 2021 program. While doing the analysis, determined whether the product can be obtained safely with the maximum and minimum values.

eHealth and Smart Solutions framework for health monitoring in the course of the pandemic

János Dávid Balogh — 2023-06-13

Our main objective focusing on the different design principles for applications which can receive and store various data from smart devices e.g., smart bands, smart watches, smart homes and could gain more information about its users with some extent to their health. We would like to collect this information, store them, then create well understandable diagrams and show them to the user in a modern, responsive environment. We placed great em- phasis on the architecture which holds the necessary features (scalability and extensibility). We have followed the standards, recommendations, and protocols during the design process. The result is an application framework which fulfills the duty of an XXI. century smart solutions application that could monitor the health of people and even help to live a healthier life avoiding chronic disorders e.g., obesity and/or diabetes. We focused on predicting and classifying on COVID-19 disease too according to the collected information and research results. We achieved tihs project using our own devices like a Samsung Galaxy Watch 2 whch comes integrated Tizen OS and gave the opportunity to develop a data sending application on it. On the other hand we worked with smartbands like the Xiaomi Mi Band 6 but it does not have programable OS so we needed to find a solution to collect data from it but his case is discussed in the paper later. We would like to implement this project live with the Clinic of our university to get more real cases and data. We are working on a solution where everyone could have their own medical assistant to predict and prevent healthcare issues.

Foamed phenol formaldehyde (PF) with naturel foaming agent and characterization adhesive properties

Orhan Kelleci — 2023-05-16

In this study, the phenol formaldehyde resin volume was increased (foamed) using natural foaming agents. Increasing production costs force manufacturers to produce using fewer raw materials. In recent years, in the wood sector, studies have been carried out on glue efficiency by foaming the glue. In this study, egg white (EW), sodium bicarbonate (SB), cattle gelatin (GL), wheat starch (WS) and wheat flour (WF) were used as foaming agent. 5-10 % foaming agent was added to the PF and foamed by mixing at 3000 rpm with a mechanical mixer. Foamed PF has been used to bond black pine wood (BP). Internal bond (IB), density, water absorption (WA) and jell time analyses were performed to characterize foamed PF. The foamed sample made with EW was determined to be the best by the study's findings. In terms of increasing IB strength, the foaming process with GL has also been successful. Other foaming agents have also been successful in the foaming process, but their IB strength has been reduced. In this regard, it is advantageous to use EW and GL agents for foaming PF glue. More research should be done on this topic to determine how different foaming agents, in different proportions, affect the efficiency of glues. Glue savings can thus be realized in industries that use glue.

İlkokullarda Depreme Yönelik Yapılan Çalışmalarının İncelenmesi

Gamze ETEM — 2023-06-13

Deprem, zelzele ya da yer sarsıntısı yer kabuğu içerisindeki kırılmalarla ansızın oluşan titreşimlerin dalgalar şeklinde yayılarak yeryüzünü sarsmasıdır. Deprem ciddi oranda mal ve can kayıplarına sebep olmaktadır. Ülkemizde sıklıkla depremler yaşanmaktadır. Yaşanan bu depremler bazen de ciddi boyutta can ve mal kaybına neden olmuştur. 6 Şubat 2023’te ülkemizde yaşanan ve literatürlere “asrın felaketi” olarak geçen depremde insanlar çok ciddi zararlar görmüş can ve mal kayıpları yaşanmıştır. Yaşanan bu felaket deprem konusunu tekrar gündeme getirmiş, insanlar depreme karşı hazırlıklı olmak için çeşitli çalışmalara girmiş ve deprem alanında yapılan çalışmaların önemi artmıştır. Bu çalışmada ilkokullarda yapılan çalışmaları irdelemek ve yapılan çalışmalar arasındaki ilişkiye bakılmak istenmiştir. Bu amaçla yayınlanan makale ve tezler incelenmiştir. Bu çalışmada ilkokullarda gerçekleştirilen akademik çalışmalar taranmıştır. Araştırma kapsamında çalışmanın amacına uygun 16 makale 12 teze ulaşılmıştır. Çalışmada nitel araştırma yöntemi ve literatür tarama deseni kullanılmıştır. Araştırma kapsamında elde edilen çalışmaların türlerine ve yıllarına göre dağılımı, çalışmalarda kullanılan yöntem ve teknik, örneklem grupları ve veri toplama araçları olmak üzere dört başlık altında analiz edilmiştir. Çalışma sonuçlarına göre çalışmaların çoğu 2011-2020 yılları arasında olduğu, ulaşılan makale sayısı tezlerden fazla olduğu, çoğu çalışmanın nicel araştırma yöntemi ile yazıldığı, çoğu çalışmada örneklem grubunu öğretmenlerin oluşturduğu, anketin diğer veri toplama araçlarına nazaran daha çok kullanıldığı ve örneklem gruplarının seçildiği yerin en çok Ankara olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

Investigation of Clock Gene Variations in Nannospalax Cytotypes

İlkay Civelek — 2023-06-13

Blind mole rats (Nannospalax) are subterranean mammals noted for their longevity and cancer resistance. It is known that these animals' vestigial eyes, particularly the Harder gland around the eyes, may generate considerable amounts of melatonin. Furthermore, the melatonin production mechanism in the circadian rhythm cycle of blind mole rats is regarded to be different from that of other living beings. The melatonin and Clock genes are hypothesized to be linked to the formation, development, and spread of cancer, but the researchers still cannot explain their extraordinary cancer resistance. In this study, we hypothesized that the melatonin production mechanism in the circadian rhythm cycle of blind mole rats, which have been shown in the literature to be cancer-resistant, may differ from that of other living species due to the difference in their amino acid variations. Differences in the DNA of the Clock genes (Cry1 and Per1) involved in melatonin biosynthesis in blind mole rats were studied compared to other model species (Spalax galili, Mus musculus, Heterocephalus glaber, Rattus norvegicus, and Homo sapiens). As a result, while no variations were found in the Cry1 gene; only p.G7R variation was found in the Per1 gene. The SNAP2 software had demonstrated that the human analogs of this variation harmful effects. It was suggested that more or full exon sites, more samples and genes should be studied to observe more variants in Nannospalax species. Thereby, the cancer resistance of blind mole rats may be explained better by these variations and the functions of protein domains where these variants are located in.

The Effect of Ceramic Oxide Type on Compressive Strength and Abrasive Wear Behavior in Different Ceramic Oxide Reinforced Al2024 Composites

Tuncay Simsek — 2023-06-13

In this study, particulate tungsten trioxide (WO3), Neodymium oxide (Nd2O3), zirconium oxide (ZrO2) and aluminum oxide (Al2O3) ceramics were separately reinforced at 10% weight ratio into 2024 aluminum matrix material by powder metallurgy method. Abrasive wear and compression strength tests were carried out on the composite samples. According to the data obtained, the type of ceramic oxide reinforcement in the composite structure was compared according to the wear behavior and compressive strength. As a result of the abrasive wear tests carried, the lowest wear loss amount was obtained from the Al2O3 reinforced composite, while the highest wear loss value was obtained from the WO3 reinforced sample. Looking at the compressive strengths, it was seen that the highest compressive stress was obtained from the Al2O3 reinforced composite, while the lowest compressive stress value was obtained from the Nd2O3 reinforced sample. It was understood that the hardness values of the ceramic oxides doped into the Al2024 matrix directly affect the wear loss and compressive strength values of the composite structures. It was concluded that WO3, Nd2O3, ZrO2 and Al2O3 reinforcement elements in the form of particles doped into the Al2024 matrix improve the mechanical properties of the composite structure.

Nikel – Titanyum Esaslı Alaşımların Ark Ergitme Yöntemiyle Üretilmesi ve Bakır Etkisinin İncelenmesi

Sefa Emre Sünbül — 2023-06-13

Yapılan uygun bir ısıl işlem ile gerçek şekline veya boyutuna geri dönebilme özelliğine sahip alaşımlar, şekil hatırlamalı alaşımlar olarak adlandırılır. Bu alaşımlar ısıl değişimlere duyarlı malzemelerdir. En önemli karakteristikleri, kritik dönüşüm sıcaklığının üstünde ve altında iki farklı şekil veya kristal yapıya sahip olmalarıdır. Kısmi olarak düşük sıcaklıklarda deforme edilebilen bu malzemeler, daha yüksek sıcaklıklarda deformasyon öncesi şekillerine dönebilmektedirler. Bu çalışmada NiTi şekil hatırlamalı alaşımına farklı oranlarda Cu(bakır) ilave edilerek ark ergitme cihazında su soğutmalı kalıplarda hazırlanan alaşımlarının özellikleri araştırılmıştır. Üretilen Ni55Ti45, Ni53Ti45Cu2, Ni55Ti43Cu2, Ni50i45Cu5 (%ağ.) alaşımlarının XRD (X-ışını difraktormetresi) ile faz yapısı incelenmiş ve NiTimartenzit fazı elde edilmiştir. Ark Melting ile üretilen alaşımlar SEM (Taramalı Elektron Mikroskobu) ile mikroyapı ve morfolojik incelemeleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. İstenilen oranlarda üretilen alaşımların DSC (Diffarensiyel Taramalı Kalorimetre) ile faz dönüşüm sıcakları belirlenmiştir. DSC ile elde edilen martenzit ve östenit dönüşüm sıcaklıkları karşılaştırılarak elde edilen fazın NiTi-martenzit fazı olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

Applications of Alughte Transform for Berezin Radius Inequalities

Hamdullah Başaran — 2023-06-13

– In functional analysis, linear operators induced by functions are frequently encountered; these contain Hankel operators, constitution operators, and Toeplitz operators. The symbol of the resultant operator is another name for the inciting function. In many instances, a linear operator on a Hilbert space ℋ results in a function on a subset of a topological space. As a result, we regularly investigate operators induced by functions, and we may also investigate functions induced by operators. The Berezin sign is a wonderful representation of an operator-function relationship. F. Berezin proposed the Berezin switch in [8], and it has proven to be a vital tool in operator theory given that it utilizes many essential aspects of significant operators. Many mathematicians and physicists are fascinated by the Berezin symbol of an operator defined on the functional Hilbert space. The Berezin radius inequality has been extensively studied in this situation by a number of mathematicians. In this paper, we use the Alughte transform and the generalized Alughte transform to develop Berezin radius inequalities for Hilbert space operators. We additionally offer fresh Berezin radius inequality results. Huban et al. [15] and Başaran et al. [6] supply the Berezin radius inequality.

Comparison of Energy Rate of a Level 3 Speech Signal using DWT with the Mother Wavelet Haar , meyer , coiflets , symlets , daubechies , biorthogonal

Abdelkader AMRAOUI — 2023-06-13

The objective of this work is to compare the energy rate of a level 3 speech signal using the discrete wavelet transform (DWT) of various mother wavelets such as Haar, Meyer, biorthogonal, Coiflets, Symlets, and Daubechies, to determine the range of values for both genders of the speaker. The speech signal is filtered by an 8th order Butterworth filter. We perform the discrete wavelet transform (DWT) on the mother wavelet to obtain the energy values of each mother wavelet at the third level of the decomposition for male and female speakers. We then compare the energy values of speech signals between men and women speaking the same sentence, This comparison is conducted on several databases containing repeated sentences for the same individual or both genders, the results are found to be acceptable for further analysis.

Investigation of microscopic properties of some industrial wood species as a result of laser cutting

Cebrail Açık — 2023-06-13

In this study, the changes in microscopic structures of cellular anatomical structures of some wood species that are frequently used in industrial production as a result of CNC laser processing were investigated. For this purpose, laser cutting was performed on solid wood materials, using a CNC laser machine with a 130-watt carbon dioxide gas glass tube, using 70% watts, at a speed of 15mm/s parallel to and perpendicular to the fibers. The behavior of the cellular anatomical structures of different types of wood solid materials against laser processing was compared.

Analytical modeling of the behavior of nano-plates by the theory of nonlocal elasticity

Meymouna MESSAOUD — 2023-06-13

The analysis of mechanical buckling of nano-plates by the non-local theory of Reissner Mindlin which takes into account the effects of small scales is made in this work. A particular effort is made on the various parameters which influence the buckling load of the nano-plates, such as: the number of modes, the geometric parameters and the mechanical parameters.

ACUTE AND CHRONİC DEGREE OF TOXICITY IN TRAMADOL CONSUMPTİON ON PLASMA PROTEIN, ASPARTATE AMİNOTRANSFERASE (AST), ALANİNE AMİNOTRANSFERASE (ALT) AND ALKALİNE PHOSPHATASE (ALP) İN ADULT WISTAR RATS

Nduka Richard OSSAI — 2023-06-13

Although the mechanism of hepatotoxicity from tramadol overdoses is unknown, it is most likely caused by direct hepatocellular injury, either as a result of ischemia or mitochondrial toxicity. Overdosing on tramadol has been reported to cause acute liver failure. Tramadol-related minor enzyme increases are often asymptomatic, self-limited, and resolve even when medication is continued. This investigation examines the short- and long-term effects of tramadol use on liver enzymes in an animal model. The study involved sixty (60) mature Wistar rats of both sexes. Tramadol (300g) were administered to the animals in the experimental and control groups in the following ways: Before being sacrificed, Group A (n = 5 Males and 5 Females) received no treatment within the study's time frame. Group B (n = 5 Males and 5 Females) received tramadol 30 mg/kg body weight for 7 days and were sacrificed; Group C (n = 5 Males and 5 Females) received tramadol 30 mg/kg body weight for 14 days and were sacrifice; Group D (n = 5 Males and 5 Females) received tramadol 30 mg/kg body weight for 21 days and were sacrifice, Group E (n = 5 Male and 5 Female) received tramadol 30 mg/kg body weight for 42 days and were sacrificed, while Group F (n = 5 Male and 5 Female) withdrew for 3 weeks after receiving tramadol 30 mg/kg for three weeks before sacrificing. Liver was removed from the animals for biochemical examination. The findings of the SPSS analysis on the generated data were expressed as mean SEM. After three and six weeks of tramadol administration, the results obtained demonstrated a progressive increase in weight and an increase in the activities of ALT, ALP, and AST in the plasma while decreasing the level of total protein, albumin, direct bilirubin as well as indirect bilirubin as compared to the control rats. Therefore, this study comes to the conclusion that tramadol has harmful effects, both acute and chronic, on the structure and operation of hepatic tissue in wistar rats. As a result, tramadol use needs to be monitored.

Taxonomy Research on Polymeric Outdoor Insulators

Muhammad Sharjeel Ali — 2023-06-13

Polymeric protectors appear to be an option in contrast to more conventional materials, for example, porcelain dielectric or glass insulators, their drawn out electrical and mechanical exhibition cannot anticipate precisely and there are not at this point tests foreseeing their drawn-out conduct. A fundamental purpose behind this is that the maturing cycle, which influences the drawn-out exhibition, isn't completely perceived.

Sentiment Analysis and Emojification of Tweets

Enes Cerrahoğlu — 2023-06-13

– Social media platforms have become a prevalent means for individuals to share their emotions and thoughts. With millions of tweets being posted on Twitter every day, these tweets provide us with a vast dataset. Conducting sentiment analysis on this dataset can be a valuable method to obtain meaningful insights about societal trends. For this purpose, a sentiment analysis model and a web interface that emojifies emotions were developed using the Python programming language. This model works on tweets shared on Twitter and utilizes natural language processing techniques to determine the sentiment of the tweets. In this study, 168.274 English tweets were collected using the Twitter API. The collected tweets underwent a cleaning process where URLs, hashtags, mentions, and emojis were removed. Then, the TextBlob Python library was employed to label the tweets as positive, negative, or neutral. The labeled tweets were subjected to classification accuracy testing using Gradient Boosting, Logistic Regression, Naive Bayes, Random Forest, and Support Vector Machines machine learning models. The findings revealed that logistic regression achieved the highest classification accuracy with 94%. Lastly, a web interface was developed, which retrieves the last 50 tweets of a queried user's profile and appends a relevant emoji based on the sentiment of each tweet.

Yapay Sinir Ağları Kullanarak Yüzey Pürüzlülüğü Tespiti

Kubilay HAN — 2023-06-13

Talaş kaldırma işlemlerinde kesici alet türü, işleme koşulları ve diğer faktörler, istenmeyen işleme izlerinin oluşmasına sebep olabilir. Bu izler, fiziksel, kimyasal, ısıl ve mekanik etkilerle meydana gelir. Yüzey pürüzlülüğü, işlenen parçaların kalitesini etkileyen önemli bir faktördür. Pürüzlülüğü minimize etmek ve istenilen kaliteyi elde etmek için doğru kesici aletlerin seçimi, kesme parametrelerinin doğru kullanımı ve işleme şartlarının kontrolü gerekmektedir. Yüzey kalitesi, yataklama, aşınma ve malzeme yorulması gibi faktörler için de önemlidir. Yüzey pürüzlülüğünün ölçümü için indüktif prob tabanlı cihazlar kullanılarak doğru ve hızlı sonuçlar elde edilebilir. Talaş kaldırma işleminin temel amacı, parçalara istenen şekli vermek ve toleranslara uygun üretim yapmaktır. Yüzey kalitesinin iyileştirilmesi için malzeme, kesici takım, takım tezgahı ve işleme yöntemleri gibi alanlarda gelişmeler yaşanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, yapay sinir ağları kullanılarak yüzeyde oluşan girinti ve çıkıntıların alan bakımından eşitlendiği orta eksenin üstünde ve altında kalan alanların aritmetik ortalaması tespit edilmiştir. Model içerisinde 6033 parametre ile işlem yapılmış ve tespit sonucunda yüzde 98 başarım elde edilmiştir. R2 değeri 0,94 olarak ölçülmüştür. Toplamda 3262 veri ile model eğitilmiştir.

PPy@MWCNT Nanocomposite for Supercapacitor Applications

Recep TAS — 2023-06-13

Polypyrrole (PPy) is a potential electrode material for supercapacitors due to its properties such as high conductivity and chemical stability. However, additional additives can be used to further improve the capacity values and energy storage performance of PPy. Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) are nanomaterials with properties such as high surface area, excellent conductivity and mechanical strength, and can improve supercapacitor performance when integrated into the PPy matrix. In this study, synthesis, characterization and performance analysis were performed to evaluate the potential of PPy and MWCNT doped PPy in supercapacitor applications. PPy and MWCNT doped PPy were characterized using analytical techniques such as XRD (X-ray diffraction) analysis and SEM (scanning electron microscopy) imaging. XRD analysis was used to determine the crystal structures and crystal sizes of the material and showed that the crystal structures of PPy and MWCNT doped PPy were preserved. SEM imaging was used to examine the surface morphology of the material and it was observed that it has a homogeneous surface structure. Supercapacitor performance was evaluated using electrochemical characterization methods. PPy and MWCNT doped PPy samples exhibited high capacitance values and fast charge-discharge properties. The integration of the MWCNT additive into the PPy matrix allowed the electrode to maintain its chemical stability while increasing the surface area. These results show that PPy and MWCNT doped PPy have the potential to provide more efficient energy storage in supercapacitors.

GAN ile İnsan Yüzlerinde Değişiklik Yapma

Emre Kardal — 2023-06-13

GAN bilindiği üzere gün geçtikçe yapay görüntü üretiminde oldukça başarılı bir hale gelmiştir. Fakat birçok GAN modelinde görüntüler tamamen rastgele ya da belli kurallara bağlı olarak kısmi rastgele görüntüler oluşturmak üzerinedir. Bu çalışmada insan yüzünde belirlenen bazı kurallara bağlı değişikliklerin GAN ile yapılması üzerinde durulmuştur. Önerilen model yardımıyla verilen insan yüzünün fotoğrafı bay/bayan olarak değiştirilmesi sağlanmıştır. Aynı model sadece koşul verisi değiştirilerek ve yeniden eğitilerek farklı koşulları da öğrendiği gözlemlenmiştir. Oluşturulan görüntü tekrar terslenerek ilk girişteki verinin üretilmesinde ortalama %90 oranında bir başarı elde edilmiştir.

Encryption face area in color images using Chaotic Maps

Imane Kouadra — 2023-06-13

This paper introduces a region-based selective image encryption technique using a chaotic approach. The aim is to address the growing need for secure face image transmission and storage in various applications where image information requires protection from unauthorized access. Existing image encryption schemes often rely on generating randomness in the image to hide the content, but they can be time-consuming during the encryption and decryption processes. Therefore, an efficient algorithm is crucial to ensure practicality and effectiveness. To tackle this challenge, the proposed technique focuses on selectively encrypting and reconstructing facial regions in images. By identifying the importance of face images in applications where security is critical, the proposed method offers a targeted approach to encryption. This selective encryption allows for improved efficiency in both encryption and decryption processes, reducing computational complexity and enhancing overall performance. The experiments demonstrate the successful encryption and reconstruction of face images, highlighting the preservation of facial details and the robustness of the encryption against attacks. These results confirm the suitability of the proposed technique for applications that require secure face image transmission and storage.

Data-Driven Optimization of Urban Traffic using AI and Real-Time Analysis

Taiba SAYED MANSOR — 2023-06-13

Optimizing urban traffic is a significant problem for cities all over the world. This research aims to tackle this issue by utilizing real-time analysis and artificial intelligence (AI). The project's key components are data collection, the creation of a 2D map, object detection using the YOLO algorithm, 3D segmentation, visualization, and data integration. To ensure the precision of data collection, we employ a multi-GNSS RTK approach for precise location determination. This method allows us to generate exact coordinates for urban road networks, which provides the basis for additional research. We are able to display urban traffic flows on a 2D visualization map, allowing us to spot crowded locations and improve traffic flow. The YOLO method is used in conjunction with 3D segmentation to identify objects. Through training, we allow this algorithm to recognize and categorize a wide range of objects, including moving vehicles, pedestrians, and particular vehicle types (such as minibusses and taxis), which significantly contribute to traffic congestion. Our project makes better use of real-time object detection to enable wellinformed decision-making and improve understanding of the traffic situation.

CONDENSATION, DESALINATION, AND WATER RECYCLING TO ENCOUNTER WATER STRESS

Rafika HELAIMIA — 2023-06-20

Water is a gift of life from Allah. In Al-Quran, it is stated “And We sent down from the sky water (rain) in (due) measure, and We gave it lodging in the earth, and verily, We are able to take it away.” (1). Though water is indispensable for life and livelihoods, it is becoming a world-pressing societal and geopolitical critical issue, knowing that 800 million people worldwide cannot afford primary access to potable water and that nearly 2.2 billion people lack access to a safe water supply. As a result, freshwater scarcity is now the world's second most pressing concern, after the prompt population increment issue. If the problem of freshwater scarcity persists, ‘the world will miss water-related SDGs by a wide margin’; more than 40% of the world's population will be living in ever-seriously water-stressed regions by 2035 (2); ecosystems will become weakened and will be unable to meet population freshwater supply ; and developing countries will be the most affected, with 80% of their illnesses caused by a lack of access to water as well as poor water quality. To tackle the increased water shortage, reasonable water management methods are required. This article proposes three efficient sustainable water techniques for producing fresh water and thus meeting water scarcity's massive demand, along with their benefits and drawbacks. They are Condensation, desalination, and water recycling.

A modified hybrid conjugate gradient method for solving unconstrained non-linear optimization problems has been developed

Chenna Nasreddine — 2023-06-20

This paper presents a new hybrid conjugate gradient method, combining the Conjugate Descent (CD) and Al-Bayati & Al-Assady (BA) methods, for solving unconstrained optimization problems. We provide a convergence analysis of the proposed method and demonstrate its effectiveness through numerical examples.

From Food (Bread) waste to Bioethnol Producation

Rafika HELAIMIA — 2023-06-20

A handful of studies and rough estimations confirm that roughly 1.3 billion tons of food get wasted. The staggering volume of food waste management has been shed light and constitutes a significant challenge because of -its environmental, social, and economic impacts. Recent estimates suggest that 8-10% of global greenhouse gas emissions are due to non-food conception, and the global economic costs of food waste have reached US$750 million per Annam. That is why Sustainable Development Goal 12.3 calls for the importance of food waste management. Wastes of bread represent an important fraction of retail food leftovers. If non-consumed food has been widely valorized in previous years, bread waste is nowadays increasingly of heightened attention. Bread waste can be a promising feedstock for producing bio-conversion value-added products. Recently, several technological methods have been reported for the possibility of transforming bread waste into eco-friendly materials such as ethanol, lactic acid, succinic acid, biohydrogen… etc. This study, based on recent research, sheds light on the possibility to convert food waste, especially bread leftovers into bioethanol by using waste bread as the sole source of nutrients for the growth of Aspergillus niger, which produces glucose, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which produces ethanol from glucose (i).

Sustainable ERP Systems: A Green Perspective

Ibrahim Umut Yuzgenc — 2023-06-20

Sustainability has become a top priority for industries today. Businesses require a centralized system for sustainable management. These platforms, which use systems for sustainability, are called Sustainable Enterprise Resource Planning (S-ERP) systems, aligning environmental and social impacts with corporate processes to achieve sustainable goals. Cloud-based technologies form the foundation of S-ERP systems. Cloud technology enables energy savings and facilitates information sharing, allowing for effective management of the system. Cloud computing reduces carbon footprint and lowers operational costs. Reducing electronic waste, also known as e-waste, is important for recycling and reuse. Digital platforms improve waste management and facilitate the collection and analysis of product performance data. Acting quickly is important for the sustainability of the supply chain, and green supply chain management consists of various dimensions: internal environmental management, external environmental management, investment recovery, and eco-design. Carbon footprint decreases with the implementation of Circular Economy (CE), optimizing energy consumption and improving waste management. Digital tools transform business models. Supply chain management (SCM) and green supply chain are also important. Implementing environmental policies and criteria is effective. Sustainability indicators are considered as an absolute measurement tool that can be used to assess not only environmental performance but also social and economic performance. This study examines ERP systems and software, sustainability, and supply chain relationships, and compares current ERP with sustainable ERP from a green perspective using CO2 consumption as a measure.