Türkiye Kökenli MolluscaTicareti
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Keywords:
CITES, Evcil Hayvan, İthalat, İhracat, NesilAbstract
Yumuşakçalar, zengin fosil kayıtları, çok farklı yaşam döngüleri ve önemli ekonomik ve ekolojik
özellikleri olan, son derece çeşitli omurgasız hayvanlardan oluşmaktadırlar. Yumuşakçaların kökenleri ve
farklı fenotiplerinin evrimi büyük ölçüde çözülememiş olsa da son yıllarda önemli ilerlemeler
kaydedilmiştir. Dünya üzerindeki neredeyse tüm karasal ve suda yaşayan habitatları kapsayan
yumuşakçalar, gezegendeki en tanınmış hayvanlar arasındadır. Bazı türleri gıda kaynağı (salyangozlar,
midyeler, istiridyeler, kalamarlar, ahtapotlar) veya mücevher (örneğin inciler) olarak ve son zamanlarda
biyomedikal uygulamalar için (örneğin epilepsi, parkinson, alzheimer gibi sinir hastalıklarının tedavisinde
veya ağrı yönetiminde koni salyangozlarından elde edilen toksinler) kullanılmaktadır. Türkiye Mollusca
ihracatı, 1975-2025 yıllarındaki Nesli Tehlike Altında Olan Yabani Hayvan ve Bitki Türlerinin Uluslararası
Ticaretine İlişkin Sözleşme (CITES)’den elde edilen bilgiler derlenerek belirlenmiştir. Türkiye Mollusca
ihracatına, Amerika Birleşik Devletleri, Yeni Zelanda ve Almanya olmak üzere toplam 3 ithalatçı ülkenin
dahil olduğu belirlenmiştir. Amerika Birleşik Devletleri, Türkiye Mollusca ihracatının %79’unu
karşılarken, bu ihracatın %13’ünü Almanya ve %8’ini de Yeni Zelanda karşılamaktadır. Uluslararası
ticarete dahil olmuş toplam 53 adet bireyin orijin bilgilerine bakıldığında; 42’sinin orijini Türkiye olup 11
tanesinin orijin bilgilerine ise “ISO dışı kodlar nedeniyle” ulaşılamamaktadır. İhracatı yapılan Mollusca
türlerine ait bireylerin 30 tanesi canlı olarak ve 23 tanesi ise kabuk şeklinde ihraç edilmiştir ve 36 tanesi
vahşi doğadan toplanan bireylerden oluşmaktadır. İhracatı yapılan Mollusca türlerine ait bireylerin 38
tanesi ticari olarak, 11 tanesi kişisel olarak ihraç edilmiş olup, 4 tanesine ait ticaret nedeni bilgisi verilerde
yer almamaktadır.
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