Climate Change: Global Concepts, Human Adaptation, and Regional Perspectives

Abstract

Global climate change is one of the most important challenges facing today's world and directly affects both natural systems and human life. It is mainly caused by increased greenhouse gas emissions resulting from human activities such as fossil fuel use, deforestation, and industrial development. Climate change leads to rising temperatures, changing rainfall patterns, more frequent extreme weather events, and environmental degradation. Albania, as part of the Mediterranean region, is particularly sensitive to these changes. In recent decades, the country has experienced warmer summers, irregular precipitation, longer drought periods, and an increased risk of floods and heatwaves. These impacts affect everyday life, especially agriculture, water availability, ecosystems, and human health. This topic introduces students to the global causes and consequences of climate change while using Albania as a practical and familiar example. The educational approach aims to raise awareness, encourage critical thinking, and promote responsible environmental behavior among young people. Understanding climate change at both global and local levels is essential for building an informed and environmentally conscious generation.