Dynamics and Mitigation of Stick-Slip Oscillations in Tribological Interfaces

Abstract

Stick-slip is a self-excited oscillatory phenomenon that occurs in mechanical systems involving sliding contact between surfaces. It arises from the interplay between static and kinetic friction, leading to intermittent motion characterized by alternating phases of adhesion (stick) and sliding (slip). This paper presents a comprehensive review of stick-slip dynamics in mechanical systems, encompassing mathematical formulations, physical mechanisms, and control strategies. The governing equations of motion are derived for a single-degree-of-freedom mass-spring-damper system using classical friction models, including Coulomb, Stribeck, and LuGre models. Stability analysis of the stick and slip phases is carried out, and the critical velocity threshold for the onset of stick-slip is identified. This review synthesizes findings from various numerical studies to illustrate the effects of system parameters reported in literature are discussed. Furthermore, passive and active mitigation strategies are reviewed, with emphasis on state-feedback control and dither-based techniques. The findings presented in this work contribute to the understanding of friction-induced instabilities in tribological interfaces and provide a foundation for the design of systems in which smooth sliding is essential, such as precision drives, robotic joints, and cutting tools.