International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches

Dikimhane Süreçlerinde Çizelgeleme Problemine Bir Çözüm Üretilmesi

2025-09-07T23:57:43+03:00

Günümüzün rekabetçi koşullarında hazır giyim firmalarının yapması gereken en önemli şey doğru
bir iş süreci planlamasıdır. Doğru bir planlama ile tedarik zinciri yönetimi ve diğer verimlilik çalışması
işletmelerdeki süreç israfının önüne geçecektir. Bu nedenle özellikle üretim aşamasının çizelgelemesi en
zor problemlerden birisidir. Bu çalışmada dikim süreçlerinin matematiksel bir model ile çizelgelemesi
amaçlanmaktadır. Bu çizelgelemede dikimhanede bir üründen diğer bir ürüne geçerken yaşanan hazırlık
zamanlarından en zaman alıcı olanları minimize ederek siparişlerin hangi sıra ile banda gireceği
belirlenmiştir.

Comparative Assessment of Chromatographic Methods in the Analysis of Industrial Air Pollutants: Technological Developments and Application Strategies of the Last Decade

2025-09-08T00:07:28+03:00

Industrial activities are indispensable to the economic and technological progress of modern
societies; however, they simultaneously generate considerable risks to environmental quality and human
health due to the release of atmospheric pollutants. Emissions from power plants, chemical processes,
metallurgical operations, petrochemical industries, and waste incineration facilities comprise a broad
spectrum of contaminants, including volatile organic compounds, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons,
pesticide residues, and heavy metal derivatives. These pollutants are well-documented for their toxic,
mutagenic, and carcinogenic effects, posing direct threats to public health while also causing persistent
disruptions in ecosystem dynamics. Accordingly, the accurate and reliable determination of such
substances, even at trace concentrations, is vital for the effective enforcement of environmental regulations
and the development of sustainable public health strategies.
Over the last decade, chromatographic techniques have become central to the monitoring and quantification
of industrial air pollutants. Gas chromatography (GC) and high-performance liquid chromatography
(HPLC) are widely employed for the analysis of volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds. Parallel
advancements in sampling techniques (e.g., passive and active sampling, thermal desorption,
microextraction approaches) and detector technologies (e.g., MS/MS, FLD, FID) have markedly improved
analytical sensitivity, precision, and environmental sustainability.
This review aims to provide a systematic overview of recent progress in chromatographic methods for
industrial air pollution monitoring, critically evaluate current applications, and identify emerging research
opportunities for future developments.

Yeşil Tedarik Zinciri Yönetiminde Döngüsel Ekonomi Stratejilerinin Bulanık PROMETHEE Yöntemi Kullanılarak Değerlendirilmesi

2025-09-08T00:10:42+03:00

Günümüzde artan çevresel sorunlar, iklim değişikliği ve doğal kaynaklardaki hızlı azalma,
işletmeleri sürdürülebilirlik odaklı stratejiler geliştirmeye yöneltmektedir. Özellikle üretim ve tedarik
zinciri süreçlerinde çevresel etkilerin azaltılması, kaynak kullanımının verimli hâle getirilmesi ve atıkların
kontrol altına alınması, yalnızca bir sorumluluk değil aynı zamanda uzun vadeli rekabet avantajı sağlayan
stratejik bir gereklilik hâline gelmiştir. Bu kapsamda döngüsel ekonomi yaklaşımlarının yeşil tedarik zinciri
yönetimi ile bütünleşmesi, çevresel sürdürülebilirliği desteklerken ekonomik fayda da yaratmaktadır.
Bu çalışmanın amacı, sürdürülebilir kalkınma hedefleri doğrultusunda yeşil tedarik zincirinde döngüsel
ekonomi stratejilerinin etkinliğini incelemektir. Çalışmada altı strateji (döngüsel tasarım, yeniden kullanım,
yeniden üretim, geri dönüşüm, tersine lojistik ve dijital izlenebilirlik) yedi çevresel ve ekonomik kriter
(karbon ayak izi, kaynak verimliliği, atık yönetimi, inovasyon, regülasyon uyumu, maliyet avantajı ve
rekabetçilik) çerçevesinde değerlendirilmiştir. Stratejilerin önceliklendirilmesinde belirsizlikleri
modelleme yeteneği güçlü olan Bulanık PROMETHEE yöntemi kullanılmış, uzman görüşleri üçgensel
bulanık sayılarla ifade edilerek Yager indeksiyle durulaştırılmıştır. Analizler sonucunda döngüsel tasarım
en etkili strateji olarak belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen bulguların otomotiv firmalarının sürdürülebilirlik
raporlarıyla karşılaştırılması, sonuçların yüksek düzeyde tutarlı olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Bu çalışma,
karar vericilere stratejik öneriler sunarken; aynı zamanda model, akademik literatüre yöntemsel katkı
sağlamakta ve işletmelere sürdürülebilir strateji geliştirme süreçlerinde yol gösterici bir çerçeve
sunmaktadır.

LLaMA-2 and LLaMA-3 Models with SparseGPT-Based Model Compression and LoRA/QLoRA Integration: Efficient Large Language Model Optimization for Resource-Constrained Environments

2025-09-08T00:15:21+03:00

Data exists in different sizes according to the needs and usage area. The need for these storage
areas is increasing day by day. However, the increasing size of these models significantly increases storage
requirements, memory usage, and inference latency, limiting applicability, especially on resource
constrained devices (e.g., mobile, embedded systems). By 2025, global data volume is expected to reach
175 zettabytes, underscoring the growing need not only for efficient storage solutions but also for effective
model optimization techniques [1]. Increasing model sizes and evolving computational requirements reveal
the importance of model compression. The choice of compression algorithm plays a decisive role in
balancing efficiency, speed, and accuracy. If the correct and efficient compression technique is chosen,
both the compression ratio can be increased and the processing time can be reduced, while choosing an
algorithm that is not suitable for the purpose can distract us from the target. When llama-2 and llama-3,
which are among the large language models, are examined, the fact that they have millions of parameters
can cause serious problems, especially in devices with limited storage and performance. The appropriate
compaction technique can be selected by taking into account the characteristics as well as the overall
performance metrics and size. With the SparseGPT used in this study, weights that can be considered
unnecessary are pruned and the model is reduced. Using the SparseGPT-based pruning method, up to 50
60% sparsity was applied on the LLaMA-2 and LLaMA-3 models, and significant memory savings were
achieved without the need for retraining by setting the insignificant weights in the parameter space of the
model to zero. This approach reduces the model size while eliminating the costly requirement of full
retraining. Then the model is customized with lora/qlora. Instead of completely retraining large models,
additional adjustments are made through adapters.

Subclinical mastitis prevalence in the southern Albanian region

2025-09-08T00:21:03+03:00

Mastitis is a pathology widely extended in dairy cattle throughout the world and causes high
economic losses to the dairy farms. It also deteriorates the welfare of animals and exposes consumers to
unhealthy and low-quality products. Mastitis is classified as clinical or subclinical; clinical mastitis is
characterized by visual clinical signs that are manifested in animal udder and milk appearance. The
subclinical form of this disease is difficult to diagnose due to a lack of clinical signs. The only way to be
detected is by measuring somatic cells with specific tests. A broad regional survey was conducted in the
south Albanian region (Fier, Berat, Korçë, Gjirokastër, and Vlorë district) to estimate the prevalence of
subclinical bovine mastitis. In total, 215 cows from different farm sizes were screened for subclinical
mastitis. Milk samples were screened with the California Mastitis Test (CMT). A cow with at least one
udder quarter that resulted after screening in +1, +2, or +3 was estimated as positive for subclinical mastitis.
Analysis of collected samples demonstrates an overall prevalence of subclinical mastitis of 59% in the
southern Albania region. Fieri resulted in the district with the highest subclinical mastitis prevalence, with
68%. The results indicate the necessity of new strategies for mastitis control and prevention.

Simulation of Longitudinal Vehicle Dynamics under FTP-75 Drive Cycle Using MATLAB/Simulink

2025-09-08T00:28:15+03:00

This study presents a MATLAB/Simulink-based framework for analyzing the longitudinal
dynamics of passenger vehicles under standardized drive cycles. The primary objective is to provide a
flexible tool for quantifying tractive effort, power demand, and wheel torque , which are critical for the
design and performance evaluation of electric and hybrid vehicles. The model incorporates fundamental
resistive forces including rolling resistance, aerodynamic drag, gradient resistance, and acceleration
resistance, each implemented as modular subsystems in Simulink. The FTP-75 drive cycle, widely
recognized for emulating urban driving conditions, is used as the input speed profile to evaluate vehicle
behavior under dynamic scenarios such as acceleration, deceleration, and stop-and-go traffic. Simulation
outputs include time-based profiles of tractive effort, instantaneous power, and wheel torque, providing
clear insights into the energy demands. Results indicate that tractive effort peaks during acceleration and
uphill segments, while aerodynamic drag becomes dominant at higher speeds. Power requirements fluctuate
up to approximately 70 kW, and torque values reach around 1600 Nm, consistent with medium-sized
passenger vehicles. The findings confirm that the proposed framework accurately tracks the reference
velocity profile and generates performance estimates. Overall, this study demonstrates the effectiveness of
drive cycle-based modeling in supporting motor sizing, battery capacity planning, and control strategy
development, offering a valuable foundation for both academic research and industrial vehicle design
optimization.

The Economic Consequences of the COVID-19 Crisis on the Economy of the Republic of North Macedonia

2025-09-08T00:31:43+03:00

The COVID-19 pandemic brought rapid and unexpected changes across the global economy.
Fiscal and monetary policies lacked prepared mechanisms and teams to manage such a crisis, further
weakening the ability to mitigate its consequences on economic activity. The COVID-19 crisis represents
one of the largest global shocks in recent history and significantly influenced the economic flows of the
Republic of North Macedonia. It caused severe disruptions in production, transportation, and trade, leading
to a slowdown in economic activity and reduced revenues for many companies. Regarding exports, the
Macedonian economy faced decreased international demand, particularly in the automotive industry and
metallurgy—key export sectors. Imports also declined due to reduced domestic demand and disruptions in
global supply chains. These processes directly affected foreign direct investment (FDI), which, under
conditions of uncertainty and diminished risk appetite, was redirected toward safer markets, leading to
postponed or reduced planned investments in the country. The most visible indicator of economic
slowdown was the drop in Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in 2020, as a consequence of lower productivity
and consumption. Nevertheless, the gradual adaptation of economic actors and government support
measures enabled partial stabilization. The analysis shows that the COVID-19 crisis not only highlighted
the structural weaknesses of the Macedonian economy but also emphasized the need for market
diversification, greater digitalization, and enhanced resilience to future crises.

Exploring the effects of role ambiguity and conflict on employee commitment in the Banking Industry

2025-09-08T00:36:30+03:00

Researchers in the fields of human resources and organizational behavior have been studying
organizational commitment for decades. This is due to the fact that employee commitment is believed to
be a fundamental driver of organizational performance and productivity (Fiorito, Bozeman, Young, &
Meurs, 2007) (Meyer, Allen, & Smith, 1993). One reason for this is because it is believed that
organizational commitment is the driving force behind effectiveness and performance. The goal of this
research is to investigate the connection between role ambiguity and conflict and the level of employee
commitment in a business. For the purpose of this research, a representative sample of 181 banking industry
employees was used. The objective is to determine the factors of role ambiguity and conflict that have an
effect on organizational commitment, with the intention of providing employers with actionable insights
that can be used to increase employee performance and commitment. According to the results, both role
ambiguity and conflict have an effect on the level of organizational commitment across all of the responding
individuals.

Digital Surveillance and Employee Autonomy in the Context of Gendered Inequalities: A Critical Theory Perspective

2025-09-08T00:42:08+03:00

This study is a qualitative study examining the effects of digital surveillance technologies on
employee autonomy within a gender perspective and critical theory. In today's rapidly expanding
digitalization era, artificial intelligence-based recruitment systems, algorithmic management, and remote
working software are not only transforming business processes but also reproducing gender-based
inequalities. The literature indicates that women are rated lower in algorithmic recruitment systems, that
they experience a "double burden" in the home-work balance while working from home during the
pandemic, and that women employees in the gig economy face both algorithmic pressure and gender
based risks. Critical theory interprets this process as technology ceasing to be a neutral tool and becoming
an ideological mechanism that reproduces relations of domination. Adorno and Horkheimer's critique of
"instrumental reason" demonstrates that digital surveillance produces surveillance and control rather than
liberating potential, while Habermas's theory of communicative action emphasizes the suppression of
employee voices in the workplace and the weakening of democratic functioning. Ultimately, the study
demonstrates that ignoring the gender dimension of digital surveillance will lead to an incomplete
assessment. Therefore, surveillance should also be considered a gendered form of domination and
discussed more in depth. Thus, it seems that understanding surveillance as a gendered form of domination
will make a significant contribution to the literature and critical discussions.

Digitalization of public services as a tool for implementing European administration standards in Kosovo: analytical approach on the impact on reducing administrative burden

2025-09-08T00:45:19+03:00

This article addresses the digitalization of public services in Kosovo as an essential instrument for
implementing European standards of public administration and reducing the administrative burden. The use
of analytical and comparative approaches has enabled the identification of the impact of existing platforms –
such as e-Kosovo , online fiscal reporting systems and e-procurement – in improving the efficiency and
transparency of public institutions. The analysis of scientific literature and official documents showed that
digitalization has brought tangible benefits, reducing time and costs for citizens and businesses, reducing
bureaucratic burdens and increasing the level of institutional accountability. However, the study highlights
that the process remains limited due to the lack of interoperability between systems, limited technical
capacities and low level of use by citizens, especially in rural areas. Compared to the experiences of EU
countries, Kosovo is still at an initial stage of digital governance, but the benefits achieved so far confirm the
great potential of this transformation. The main conclusion is that the digitalization of public administration
in Kosovo should not be seen only as a technological modernization, but as a political and institutional
process closely related to European integration. Through an integrated strategy, investments in infrastructure
and human capacities, as well as the harmonization of legislation with EU directives, Kosovo can build an
efficient, transparent and European-standard public administration.