International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches https://as-proceeding.com/index.php/ijanser <p>International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches (IJANSER) publishes regular research papers, reviews, letters, and communications covering all aspects of engineering and natural sciences. Our aim is to publish novel / improved methods/approaches of these field to benefit the community, open to everyone in need of them. There is no restriction on the length of the papers or colors used. The method/approach must be presented in detail so that the results can be reproduced.</p> Umut Özkaya en-US International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches 2980-0811 Doğalgaz Yakıtlı Buji Ateşlemeli Motorlarda Strok/Çap Oranı Etkilerinin Ekserji Analiziyle İncelenmesi https://as-proceeding.com/index.php/ijanser/article/view/2055 <p>Sunulan çalışmada doğalgaz yakıtlı buji ateşlemeli motorlarda strok/çap (s/ç) oranının etkileri <br>kullanılabilirlik (ekserji) analiziyle nümerik olarak incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla iki bölgeli yanma modeline <br>sahip bir sanki boyutlu buji ateşlemeli motor çevrimi modeli kullanılmıştır. Çevrim modelinde yanma <br>işlemi türbülanslı alev yayılması yaklaşımıyla, emme ve egzoz işlemleri ise basit ampirik bağıntılar <br>kullanılarak modellenmiştir. Ekserji analizini gerçekleştirmek için çevrim modeline Termodinamiğin <br>İkinci Kanunu ile ilgili yaklaşımlar uygulanmıştır. Ekserji analizinde ısı, iş ve egzozla transfer edilen <br>ekserjiler, tersinmezlikler, yakıt kimyasal ekserjisi, termomekanik ekserji ve toplam ekserji gibi ekserjitik <br>terimler seçilen strok/çap oranları için hesaplanmıştır. Ayrıca, 1. ve 2. Kanun verimleri ile indike özgül <br>yakıt tüketimi de hesaplanmıştır. Böylece, doğalgaz yakıtlı buji ateşlemeli motorlarda strok/çap oranının <br>ekserjitik terimler, 1. ve 2. Kanun verimleri ve indike özgül yakıt tüketimi üzerindeki etkileri <br>belirlenmiştir. Çalışma sonuçları, doğalgaz yakıtlı buji ateşlemeli motorlarda strok/çap oranının <br>artırılmasının ısı kayıpları ve tersinmezlik değerlerini azalttığını, faydalı çevrim işi ile 1. ve 2. kanun <br>verimlerini artırdığını ve indike özgül yakıt tüketimini düşürdüğünü göstermiştir. İncelenen doğalgaz <br>yakıtlı buji ateşlemeli motorlarda strok/çap oranının 0,7 değerinden 1,3 değerine çıkarılması ısı <br>kayıplarının %6,69, tersinmezliklerin %1,58 oranlarında azalmasını, işle transfer edilen ekserjinin ise <br>%3,43 artmasını sağlamıştır. Diğer taraftan, strok/çap oranının 0,7 değerinden 1,3 değerine çıkarılması ile <br>1. ve 2. Kanun verimleri sırasıyla %3,11 ve %3,38 oranlarında artmış ve indike özgül yakıt tüketimi <br>%3,25 oranında azalmıştır.</p> İsmet Sezer Copyright (c) 2023 International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches 2024-10-13 2024-10-13 7 10 1 11 Yeraltı Yapılarının Sismik Hasar Görebilirliği ve İyileştirme Stratejileri: Kahramanmaraş Tünelleri Üzerine Bir Örnek Çalışma https://as-proceeding.com/index.php/ijanser/article/view/2056 <p>Depremler, özellikle dağlık bölgelerde, ulaşım altyapısına ciddi zararlar verebilen doğal felaketler <br>arasındadır. Bu tür afetlerin etkisini azaltmanın yolları araştırılırken, yeraltı boşlukları ve tünellerin <br>depremlerden daha az etkilendiği bilinmektedir. Bu çalışma, Kahramanmaraş ilinde meydana gelen iki <br>büyük deprem sonrası yeraltı boşluklarına ve tünel yapılarına odaklanmaktadır. <br>Depremler, yeraltındaki hareketlerle karakterizedir ve bu nedenle yeraltı yapıları, yer üstü yapılarına göre <br>daha dirençli olabilir. Araştırma, bu nedenle yeraltı tünellerin önemini ve dayanıklılıklarını ele almaktadır. <br>Özellikle ulaşım altyapısının sağlanmasında tüneller yüzyıllardır önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. <br>Kahramanmaraş ilindeki iki büyük deprem sonrası, bu tünellerde meydana gelen çökmeler incelenmiş ve <br>deprem sonrası ulaşımın sürdürülebilirliği için öneriler sunulmuştur. Öneriler arasında püskürtme betonun <br>ve beton liflerinin kullanımı gibi teknik ayrıntılar bulunmaktadır. Ayrıca, tünellerin dayanıklılığı ve <br>güçlendirilmesi, inşaat aşamasındaki jeolojik yapı ve yerel zemin koşullarıyla yakından ilişkilidir. <br>Sonuç olarak, bu çalışma, deprem sonrası ulaşımın hayati bir önem taşıdığı durumlarda, yeraltı <br>boşluklarının ve tünellerin güçlendirilmesi için önemli rehberlik sunmaktadır. Bu tür güçlendirmeler, <br>güvenli ve kesintisiz ulaşımın sağlanmasına katkı sağlayabilir ve benzer coğrafyalardaki diğer bölgeler için <br>de bir model oluşturabilir. Bu araştırma, yeraltı yapıların ve tünellerin depremlere karşı dayanıklılığını <br>artırma konusundaki önemli bir adımdır.</p> Gökhan Külekçi Alaaddin Vural Copyright (c) 2023 International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches 2024-10-13 2024-10-13 7 10 12 17 An approach to solving real-life problems using normal distribution. Approximation of results using the Lagrange-Euler method https://as-proceeding.com/index.php/ijanser/article/view/2057 <p>We deal with the normal distribution as an overview of real-life problems. Our paper focuses on <br>analyzing the normal distribution and its special cases by solving real-life problems and examining them <br>through detailed calculations and graphs. Several research papers have reported that the normal distribution <br>of a random variable has an enormous contribution in analyzing and comparing the data with each other, <br>making the process easier for other methods in real-life applications. Using numerical methods, we get the <br>approximations and the error during the different cases. <br>In this research paper, we will discuss how the Euler equation will be used to solve the same problem in a <br>more efficient way. The Euler method is used during the approximation process and with some widely <br>studied models, including the standard formulas for each method, simulations, and graphs.</p> Shkelqim Hajrulla Taylan Demir Vasil Lino Loubna Ali Copyright (c) 2023 International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches 2024-10-13 2024-10-13 7 10 18 25 Characterizations of high-performance concrete containing mineral additions https://as-proceeding.com/index.php/ijanser/article/view/2058 <p>This study aims to experimentally investigate the slump, compressive strengths (Cs) at 7 and <br>28-day of fifteen HPC combinations made from already-existing local materials in Algeria. After that, <br>establish statistical models based on the mix design modeling technique to examine the impact of <br>employing dune sand powder (DSP), as a supplementary cementitious material, both in binary and ternary <br>combinations with cement (PC) and ground blast-furnace slag (GBFS) on the HPCs characteristics. A four<br>level, three-parameter mixture design was implemented to develop models for the statistical variance of the <br>recorded experimental data and the JMP7 statistical program was employed to perform this analysis. For <br>all responses, models exhibit strong correlation coefficients (R2 ≥ 0.83). Replacing cement with GBFS <br>increases the slump. However, slump only remains good when the combinations have a low proportion of <br>DSP. At 7-day, the improvement in Cs can be attributed to the increasing proportion of DSP. In contrast, <br>results suggest the increasing percentage of GBFS in all systems causes a slight decrease of Cs. At 28-day, <br>it is evident that the use of GBFS alone resulted in a slight decrease in Cs, but when combined with PC, <br>GBFS increased Cs. In contrast, Cs is better when a low percentage of DSP is used. Optimal composition <br>(HPC14) with 5%GBFS offers the best compromise between the three studied characteristics.</p> Mahmoud Benkhelil Karima Arroudj Salim Guettala Taha-Hocine Douara Copyright (c) 2023 International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches 2024-10-13 2024-10-13 7 10 26 33 3-Dimensional High Gain High Isolation Ultra-Wide Band Antenna Array with PRS Layer https://as-proceeding.com/index.php/ijanser/article/view/2059 <p>This paper presents a 3-dimensional, Ultra-wide band MIMO array antenna for high gain <br>(M2M) communication environments. This antenna supports Ultra-Wide band (3.2GHz<br>10.5GHz) frequencies. The radiating patch is made from 1.6mm thick FR-4 substrate. To increase the <br>isolation between radiating elements, parasitic structures are used. The parasitic structures are placed <br>alongside feedline as well as radiating elements. A Defective ground plane is implemented to increase <br>bandwidth and radiation coefficient of array. A Partial Reflecting Surface (PRS) layer, also fabricated on <br>a similar FR-4 substrate is used above the antenna layer to improve the antenna's gain and bandwidth. <br>More crucially, the suggested PRS antenna improves gain by 3dB average over entire ultra-wide band. <br>Based on simulation and measurement results, this configuration appears to be a viable contender for <br>Machine-to-Machine(M2M) communication.</p> Ali Ahmad Rashid Saleem Muhammad Farhan Shafique Copyright (c) 2023 International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches 2024-10-13 2024-10-13 7 10 34 41 Comparison of Machine Learning Algorithms to Predict Cardiovascular Heart Disease Risk Level https://as-proceeding.com/index.php/ijanser/article/view/2060 <p>Cardiovascular diseases can pose a potential risk for almost every individual since they are <br>associated with multiple parameters such as chronic disease, lifestyle, especially genetic factors. For this <br>purpose, within the scope of the study, machine learning-based models were developed to predict the <br>cardiovascular disease risk level and the metric performances of the algorithms were compared. For this <br>purpose, the performances of the algorithms of the models developed using a data set accessible to all <br>researchers were analyzed in a versatile way. In the study, the results obtained using Logistic Regression, <br>Decision Trees, Random Forests, K-Nearest Neighbors, Gaussian Naive Bayes and LightGBM algorithms <br>were compared. The results present the performance of each algorithm by evaluating it on metrics such as <br>accuracy, precision, sensitivity and F1 score. The study aims to illuminate in which situations different <br>algorithms are more effective and which variables are more determinant in terms of risk estimation. The <br>results of this study can be used as an auxiliary diagnostic method for healthcare professionals working in <br>the cardiovascular field. It can also be used as a predictive model for individuals who want to use <br>artificial intelligence to determine the level of risk.</p> Hakan Güler Yunus Santur Mustafa Ulaş Copyright (c) 2023 International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches 2024-10-13 2024-10-13 7 10 42 49 An Explainable Artificial Intelligence Based Early Lung Cancer Risk Prediction Using LightGBM https://as-proceeding.com/index.php/ijanser/article/view/2061 <p>Lung cancer is the most common cancer in the world and is also the deadliest. Early diagnosis <br>can improve patients’ life expectancy and reduce the cost of treatment. The aim of this study is to help <br>physicians and patients by using explainable artificial intelligence methods to early diagnose risk of lung <br>cancer. This study will create an opportunity for physicians to make early diagnosis and treatment <br>strategies for patients. In this study, a machine learning model was developed to predict the risk of lung <br>cancer by using the LightGBM algorithm. Furthermore, the SHAP method is used to explain why and <br>how the model's predictions are made, thus making the AI model reliable. These explanations increase the <br>acceptability and reliability of the predictions made by model, while helping physicians and patients <br>understand the model's decisions. The results obtained show that the developed LightGBM model can <br>predict the risk of lung cancer with a 100% accuracy rate. The model has achieved great results in terms <br>of accuracy rate and sensitivity. In addition, the SHAP analyses explain which features each of the <br>model's predictions is based on, which will increase the confidence of physicians and patients in the <br>decisions of artificial intelligence.</p> Ömer Miraç Kökçam Kökçam Yunus Santur Muhammed Emre Çolak Copyright (c) 2023 International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches 2024-10-13 2024-10-13 7 10 50 57 Ground Response Analysis and Seismic Behavior Assessment Using SPTN Values https://as-proceeding.com/index.php/ijanser/article/view/2062 <p>In the city of Islamabad, a thorough examination into one-dimensional equivalent linear <br>ground response was methodically performed. This thorough investigation was carried out with special <br>attention to the city's distinctive geological features using the DEEPSOIL software in a methodical <br>manner. Notably, the analysis avoided the influence of the groundwater table in Favor of the more general <br>seismic factors that control ground response dynamics. Subsoil data for input were acquired from a <br>combination of laboratory and field research and were chosen based on site-specific conditions. The <br>investigations were carried out at a bedrock site 13 meters below ground level. Following evaluations <br>with the USCS, the soil at the location was classified as silty clay to lean clay. This classification is the <br>result of extensive field and laboratory research. In the study, a set of eight unique accelerograms were <br>carefully chosen and used at the bedrock layer, perfectly coinciding with the seismic characteristics <br>unique to the target geographic location. Surprisingly the study of surface response spectra revealed a <br>significant amplification phenomenon that was present across all seven possible accelerograms and <br>deviated just slightly from the fundamental period inherent to the site. The study's conclusions indicated <br>that the computed spectral acceleration values, which notably fell within the range of 0.16g to 0.24g, <br>surpassed the requirements established by the Pakistan Building Code.</p> Iqbal Khan Hammad Raza Shahrukh Abbas Copyright (c) 2023 International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches 2024-10-13 2024-10-13 7 10 58 66 Predictive Modeling of Diseases with Explainable Artificial Intelligence Using LightGBM https://as-proceeding.com/index.php/ijanser/article/view/2063 <p>The continuous exploration of the intricate connections among symptoms, patient attributes, <br>and diseases within the intricate landscape of human health represents an ongoing pursuit. Data-driven <br>methodologies have ushered in novel opportunities for comprehending these intricate relationships. <br>Especially with the COVID-19 pandemic, the paradigms of disease understanding, diagnosis, and <br>treatment management have assumed unprecedented significance. This study, powered by LightGBM and <br>SHAP, has the potential to provide invaluable support to experts in decision support systems, early <br>diagnosis of diseases, personalized treatment plan applications, strengthening medical interventions with <br>case-oriented treatment predictions by producing advanced diagnosis and treatment strategies at <br>demographic scales and analyzing risk factors, developing evidence-based public health policies and <br>proactive health services, researchers. Furthermore, this research can be effectively leveraged in <br>epidemiological investigations to ascertain the correlations and emerging trends between various diseases <br>and the influencing health determinants all with an impressive 81% accuracy.</p> Elif Bahar Özdoğru Yunus Santur Mustafa Ulaş Copyright (c) 2023 International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches 2024-10-13 2024-10-13 7 10 67 75 Study and Characterization of Lithium, Magnesium Borate Based Ternary Glasses https://as-proceeding.com/index.php/ijanser/article/view/2064 <p>By employing the melt quench process, four samples of the Lithium-Magnesium-Borate (Li, <br>Mg, and Borate) glass system and glasses with various compositions were created. Physical, optical, and <br>dielectric qualities have all been studied. The samples were polished after being annealed. Utilizing X-ray <br>equipment, the specimen's X-ray diffraction measurement was assessed. According to XRD data, the <br>samples shows a significant degree of amorphous nature. The displacement technique was used to calculate <br>the density. The outcome demonstrated that density increased as Li concentration increased. The prepared <br>samples' densities rise from 1.22 to 1.68 g/cm3. As Mg concentration increased, the molar volume "Vm" <br>decreased. Molar volume falls from 53.63 cm3 /mole to 50.68 cm3 /mole. The oxygen packing density is <br>measured to be between 55.93 mol/cm3 and 58.60 mol/cm3. Optical data of the sample was evaluated. The <br>measured data of optical absorbance and transmittance in the scope of 300 nm to 800 nm while using <br>SHIMADZU UV-1800 Spectrophotometry at room temperature. It was discovered that the optical band <br>gap, or "Eopt," decreased as Mg concentration increased. Increasing the Mg concentration was shown to <br>decrease the refractive index. The recorded value is between 3.12 to 2.38. The tested samples' dielectric <br>displayed shrink behavior in terms of capacitance, dielectric constant, and dielectric loss.</p> Muhammad Ahmad Raza Mah Noor Muhammad Rizwan Muhammad Bilal Fozia Saifal Javeed Iqbal Copyright (c) 2023 International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches 2024-10-13 2024-10-13 7 10 76 85 SPECIFICITY OF INDEPENDENT WORK AT THE HIGHER MEDICAL SCHOOL https://as-proceeding.com/index.php/ijanser/article/view/2065 <p>Independent work of students is an integral part of the overall process of training in the higher <br>medical school due to the fact that it aims to increase the professional training of students by acquiring a <br>system of fundamental and professional knowledge, skills and habits that they can apply independently <br>and freely in their practical activities. The aim of the present study is to determine the importance of <br>independent work in the process of training for the formation of lasting knowledge, skills and habits in <br>students of the specialty of rehabilitation. The growing need for quality professional training of highly <br>qualified future rehabilitation therapists implies the improvement of students' independent work, which in <br>turn appears to be an integral part of the modern pedagogical process.</p> Donka Nikolova Monika Popova Copyright (c) 2023 International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches 2024-10-13 2024-10-13 7 10 86 91 Effects of Electromagnetic Fields on Human Health https://as-proceeding.com/index.php/ijanser/article/view/2066 <p>In today’s world, most children are exposed to various electromagnetic fields (EMFs). EMFs <br>are electromagnetic waves less than 300 GHz. A developing child’s brain is vulnerable to <br>electromagnetic radiation; thus, their caregivers’ concerns about the health effects of EMFs are <br>increasing. Electromagnetic fields (EMF) have been implicated to influence a range of bodily functions. <br>Given their ubiquitous nature, widespread applications, and capability to produce deleterious effects, <br>conclusive investigations of the health risks are critical. The utilization of Electromagnetic field has become <br>universal from everyday usage of electronic appliances. This Article reviews on various Effect of <br>Electromagnetic Field (EMF) on Human Health. The biological effects of EMFs on humans include <br>stimulation, thermal, and nonthermal, the latter of which is the least known. Among the various health <br>issues related to EMFs, the most important issue is human carcinogenicity. Electromagnetic fields (EMF) <br>have various chemical effects, including causing deterioration in large molecules in cells and imbalance in <br>ionic equilibrium.</p> Mah Noor Muhammad Ahmad Raza Muhammad Rizwan Ata Ullah Copyright (c) 2023 International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches 2024-10-13 2024-10-13 7 10 92 96 For use in photovoltaic applications, high voltage gain hybrid boost converter mathematical modelling https://as-proceeding.com/index.php/ijanser/article/view/2067 <p>On this research, a high voltage-gain Hybrid boost converter (HVHBC) is developed to achieve <br>high voltage gain, good transient responsiveness, low voltage ripples, and sufficient efficiency when <br>compared to a basic conventional boost converter and to lower the harmonic content on the output side. <br>The suggested topology's voltage gain is 96% at a duty ratio of 0.55 and a frequency of 50 KHz. The <br>suggested converter's circuit schematic has a switched inductor and switch capacitor architecture. As a <br>result, the inductor reduces the voltage stress on the active switch, the output voltage of the proposed <br>converter is high, and the reaction of different parameters is examined using the simulation tool PSIM.</p> Muhammad Salman Khan Ahmad Wali Muhammad Ismail Atta Ur Rehman Muhammad Afzaal Muhammad Sabeel Shah Copyright (c) 2023 International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches 2024-10-13 2024-10-13 7 10 97 103 Synthesis of Cobalt-Free, Low-Cost Layered LiNi0.6Mn0.2Fe0.2O2 (NMF622) Cathode Electrodes for Next Generation Lithium-Ion Batteries https://as-proceeding.com/index.php/ijanser/article/view/2068 <p>In this research, we synthesized LiNi0.6Mn0.2Fe0.2O2 (NMF622) cathodes by substituting iron for <br>cobalt in the cathode electrodes, which are typically associated with the chemistry of LiNi0.6Mn0.2Co0.2O2 <br>(NMC622) cathode material used in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). The production of NMF622 nanoparticles <br>was achieved using the sol-gel method, incorporating metal salts as key components for structure formation. <br>We meticulously examined the structure of NMF622 nanoparticles and electrodes through X-ray diffraction <br>(XRD) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), revealing the absence of impurities in <br>the NMF622 nanopowders. Our FESEM analysis further determined particle sizes ranging from 30 to 110 <br>nm. To evaluate the performance of NMF622 cathodes, we conducted galvanostatic charge and discharge <br>tests at a rate of 1C within the potential range of 2.0 to 4.6 volts. Notably, the NMF622 cathodes exhibited <br>various capacities at different rates, including 211.86, 206.07, 198.68, 191.56, 167.16, 154.99, 135.62, <br>115.96, 188.36, 195.36, 202.46, and 209.3 mAh/g at different C-rates. Electrochemical impedance tests <br>indicated that all resistance values increased with the number of cycles. This study represents a significant <br>development and evaluation of NMF cathodes, which are proposed as an alternative to NMC chemistry. As <br>a result, it led to a substantial 60% reduction in cell manufacturing costs compared to NMC chemistry. <br>Furthermore, the environmentally conscious choice of using iron instead of cobalt, along with the use of <br>water-soluble binders, contributed to a reduction in toxicity.</p> Sümeyye KILIÇ Büşra OĞUZ Mehmet Oğuz GÜLER Copyright (c) 2023 International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches 2024-10-13 2024-10-13 7 10 104 114 Performance Analysis of Fiber Reinforced Concrete using Different Fiber Proportions https://as-proceeding.com/index.php/ijanser/article/view/2069 <p>Concrete structures experience physical and chemical changes when they interact with the <br>natural environment under service load conditions which results in cracking. Cracking is a critical <br>problem which lowers the long-term service life, strength, as well as the durability of the concrete <br>structures. Furthermore, if preventive measures are not taken on time, then these cracks will lead to the <br>failure of structures. Fibers in different proportions when added into the concrete showed satisfactory <br>performance in enhancing its mechanical properties. Both carbon and steel fibers are introduced in <br>concrete and behaviors of both the Plain Cement Concrete (PCC) and Fiber Reinforced Concrete (FRC) is <br>evaluated based on the mechanical testing. Numerious mechanical characteristics including compressive, <br>tensile, and flexural or modulus of rupture (MOR) strength of both steel and carbon fiber reinforced <br>concrete have been compared with PCC. When slump values of PCC and FRC are compared, it is found <br>that the slump of steel and carbon fiber reinforced concrete is reduced due to water thin film in <br>comparison to that of PCC. In the study, stress strain behaviors of PCC and FRC is also compared. The <br>optimum content of carbon as well as steel fiber of 0.3% and 5% by weight of cement is added which <br>after 28 days moist curing is subjected to mechanical testing. The improvement observed in mechanical <br>properties of FRC indicated that fiber content is effective in strength as well as durability regarding the <br>prevention of cracks in the concrete.</p> Shahrukh Abbas Ahmer Iqbal Iqbal Khan Umar Waqas Copyright (c) 2023 International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches 2024-10-13 2024-10-13 7 10 115 122 The Economic Assessment of Renewable Technologies Integration https://as-proceeding.com/index.php/ijanser/article/view/2070 <p>A case study was conducted to compare renewable energy technologies with natural gas <br>generators in terms of emissions and costs. The load that was used in the hybrid renewable energy system <br>and the engine system running on natural gas was the same value of 62,500 kW. In the case of using solar <br>panels as the only source of energy, the initial cost was the highest. In the case of using the wind turbine as <br>the only source of energy in the system, the initial cost was lower than the system that works on solar <br>panels, but it was also high. The case in which the system was operated using the wind turbine and solar <br>panels as an energy source was the best case for the system, the initial cost was the lowest compared to <br>wind and solar with no emissions produced. In the case of natural gas generators, the cost was low compared <br>to the hybrid power system, and the operating cost was also low, but the harmful emissions were high. The <br>findings show that integrating renewables into the grid presents the most beneficial alternative for <br>decreasing emissions and minimizing overall costs, compared to the scenario where renewable energy <br>sources are used separately.</p> Abdullah Haris Nezihe Yıldıran Copyright (c) 2023 International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches 2024-10-13 2024-10-13 7 10 123 127 Wind-Induced Piezoelectric Transduction via an Artificial Tree https://as-proceeding.com/index.php/ijanser/article/view/2071 <p>In this research study, we investigate the design of a piezoelectric tree-shaped wind power <br>system. If there is a wind strong enough to bend the piezoelectric materials used in the energy conversion <br>process, the suggested system will produce voltage. In this work, two distinct types of piezoelectric <br>materials were utilised to generate electricity using wind-derived energy. and types of piezoelectric <br>materials were used - PZT-5H, and BaTiO3. The voltage produced under different wind speeds(1–30ms−1 <br>)with various load resistors were tested to determine the maximum power output. A maximum Voltage of <br>10.6 v was produced when using an optimal load of 10 kohm of PZT-5A at airflow speed of 30 m s−1 .The <br>findings of this study provide valuable insights into the design and optimization of piezoelectric-based wind <br>energy harvesting systems. The optimized dimensions and material choices established in this study can <br>serve as a useful guideline for the development of piezoelectric-based wind energy harvesting systems in <br>various applications like Structural, health, Environmental, Military and defense monitoring.</p> Muhammad Danyal Faizi Jatoi Riffat Asim Pasha Hassan Elahi Muhammad Abdullah Sheeraz Copyright (c) 2023 International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches 2024-10-13 2024-10-13 7 10 128 134 Unleashing the Power of Play: Exploring the Impact of Sport as a Tool for Crime and Violence Prevention in Children in Albania https://as-proceeding.com/index.php/ijanser/article/view/2072 <p>Talking about crime prevention for children in Albania is a really important topic with a strong <br>impact in our society, which faces every day in cases of children abuse or children infiltration in crimes. <br>This conference paper delves into the dynamic relationship between sports and crime prevention, focusing <br>on their potential to mitigate violence among children. In this context, we analyze sport as a factor of <br>prevention of crime, the role of family, community and state policy in taking measures to inform and to <br>increase the awareness of families and community for these cases. The explanation and analysis of the <br>factors leads us to a path, building appropriate strategies and social support for this affected category, which <br>is very sensitive and affects each of us in our family or community. By examining existing research and <br>real-world case studies, this study explores how organized sports programs can serve as a catalyst for <br>positive behavioral change in children. Through the lens of psychology, sociology, law, sports marketing <br>and sports science, we analyze the mechanisms underlying this transformation and discuss practical <br>strategies for maximizing the impact of sports in crime and violence prevention efforts. Our findings shed <br>light on the immense potential of sport as a tool for fostering safer and healthier communities.</p> Ada Gashi Copyright (c) 2023 International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches 2024-10-13 2024-10-13 7 10 135 139 Neovagina Procedures and Care https://as-proceeding.com/index.php/ijanser/article/view/2073 <p>Neovaginal procedures are surgical or non-surgical methods used to eliminate enlargement and <br>sagging of the vagina caused by childbirth, menopause or other factors. These practices can help improve <br>quality of life, such as sexual function, hygiene, and self-confidence. Nonsurgical neovaginal procedures <br>are designed to strengthen the muscles and tissue of the vagina. It can be done in a variety of ways, such <br>as laser treatment, radiofrequency therapy, or non-surgical vaginal tightening surgery. Surgical <br>neovaginal procedures are performed to remove or reduce enlarged or sagging parts of the vagina. There <br>are various types such as vaginoplasty, labiaplasty and hymenoplasty. After neovaginal procedures, some <br>care measures can be taken to support the healing of the vagina. Precautions such as cleaning with plenty <br>of water, avoiding soap and detergents, avoiding synthetic underwear, avoiding tight clothing and <br>avoiding smoking are important. Neovaginal procedures are an effective method that can help improve <br>the appearance and function of the vagina. Before these practices, it is important to consult a professional <br>and evaluate the risks and benefits.</p> Sinem GÜVEN SANTUR Zeliha ÖZŞAHİN Copyright (c) 2023 International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches 2024-10-13 2024-10-13 7 10 140 145 An Analysis Study in OECD Countries on Pediatric Vaccines and Their Effects with Cluster Analysis and Multiple Regression Technique https://as-proceeding.com/index.php/ijanser/article/view/2074 <p>In the study, Turkey's position in this field was examined children vaccination rates between the <br>years 2000-2017 in the OECD countries by taking clustering technique. Data were tested by non<br>hierarchical clustering method. Then it was analyzed by multi-dimensional scaling. According to the results <br>of clustering, countries are grouped into 3 groups. The relationship between the results obtained and the <br>development level of the countries are analyzed. As a result, clustering occurred between countries with <br>distant values. In a multidimensional scaling analysis, child mortality data in Turkey in 2017 are used as <br>the dependent variable. Health spending, Gdp, diphtheria, measles and hepatitis-b vaccination rates have <br>been determined as impact factors. Purpose in the second analysis is to see to what extent these vaccines <br>and a few variables affect and to put it numerically to the infant mortality rate in Turkey by looking at the <br>obtained stress values.</p> Medine Nur Türkoğlu Elitaş Ayten Yılmaz Yalçıner Copyright (c) 2023 International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches 2024-10-13 2024-10-13 7 10 146 154 An example of a vehicle-pedestrian accident reconstruction by Mathematical and Software Model https://as-proceeding.com/index.php/ijanser/article/view/2075 <p>During the year 2022, approximately 1165 road accidents occurred in Albania where the <br>number of persons involved in accidents was 1599, while the number of accidents due to the behavior of <br>pedestrians was 167. Referring to the statistics, the increase number of accidents due to the behavior of <br>pedestrian over the year is noticed. In this paper we treat the problem of determining the speed of <br>movement of an accident situation when a vehicle and a pedestrian participate in a crash. As a result of <br>this accident the pedestrian involved remained dead. For determination of speed we focus on the resulting <br>of mathematical simulation and PC Crash software. The aim of this work also is to present a vehicle<br>pedestrian situation where the accident could not be avoided even with the allowed speed of vehicle.</p> Raimonda Dervishi Erjola Cenaj Copyright (c) 2023 International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches 2024-10-13 2024-10-13 7 10 155 157 Decentralized Finance https://as-proceeding.com/index.php/ijanser/article/view/2076 <p>Decentralized Finance is a segment of finance that enables financial transactions by the <br>execution of smart contacts, without the intermediation of financial institutions and central authorities. It <br>uses innovative technology to ensure the necessary transparency and autonomy of all the participants and <br>potential investors. Even though DeFi is in its early stages, based on the increasing market size and high <br>return yield of the assets, it is expected to contribute to a more innovative financial economy and the <br>development of traditional finance as well. <br>Through theoretical analysis of the existing literature and information, this study investigates the <br>importance of Decentralized Finance, its advantages, and disadvantages, the associated risks that arise from <br>decentralization, and the lack of central authorities. Decentralized Finance has several advantages, <br>including interoperability, borderless, openness, transparency, innovation, decentralization, efficiency, and <br>so forth. Because of its nature, DeFi has several disadvantages and risks as well, such as high volatility, <br>stablecoin run, unstoppability, irreversibility, lack of transparency, pseudonymity, and the risk of money <br>laundering. <br>As the growth of DeFi is mainly related to innovative and information technology, it is expected that its <br>fast-growing trend will continue in the future as well. Considering the limited research in Decentralized <br>Finance, this study contributes to enriching the related literature.</p> Albina Hysaj Copyright (c) 2023 International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches 2024-10-13 2024-10-13 7 10 158 162 Internet of Thing (IoT) Based Mobile Plant Irregation Application https://as-proceeding.com/index.php/ijanser/article/view/2077 <p>Nowadays, the use of high-tech devices that make the lives of societies easier has gained <br>importance. Thanks to Internet of Things (IoT) technology, devices communicate with each other and <br>create a smart communication ecosystem. IoT means that not only computers but also smart devices can <br>be connected to the internet. Large amounts of sensor data coming from physical environments are <br>evaluated and converted into information and transmitted to operators or relevant persons, or an activity is <br>carried out through the systems. For example, automatic irrigation projects such as plant watering are <br>designs that aim to ensure healthy growth of plants and plants and to beautify the environment. Automatic <br>irrigation system reduces time and effort in terms of practicality and helps to use water resources <br>efficiently. It also saves water in water-scarce areas. In this project, a remote control and monitoring <br>system was implemented using Arduino IDE, Firebase and MitAPP. Components such as Esp8266 Wifi <br>card, submersible pump, L9110 Dual Motor driver, soil moisture sensor are used. The application was <br>converted into an Android application via MitAPP Inventor and communication was established with the <br>Firebase database. In this way, plant moisture measurements can be displayed in real time and manual or <br>automatic watering can be done at any time. With the successful operation of this work, sufficient and <br>correct amount of water is provided to the plants. Thanks to the technologies and components used in this <br>study, it is aimed for the healthy growth of plants.</p> Serkan Sökmen Vedat Marttin Copyright (c) 2023 International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches 2024-10-13 2024-10-13 7 10 163 170 NiCoMn nanostructured powders used for wastewater treatment https://as-proceeding.com/index.php/ijanser/article/view/2078 <p>This study uses mechanical alloying to prepare nanostructured Co27Mn13Ni60 (wt.%) powders. <br>24 h of milling leads to the formation of a single fcc-solid solution that undergoes ferromagnetic<br>paramagnetic transition at a Curie temperature of about 790 K. Powders were tested for Fenton catalysis, <br>and their performance was investigated for methylene blue discoloration.</p> Karima DADDA Souad DJERAD Safia ALLEG Noureddine DADDA El-Kébir HLIL Copyright (c) 2023 International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches 2024-10-13 2024-10-13 7 10 171 174 MAKİNE ÖĞRENME METOTLARININ MANTI KALİTESİNİN BELİRLENMESİNDE KULLANILABİLİRLİĞİ https://as-proceeding.com/index.php/ijanser/article/view/2079 <p>Geleneksel gıdalardan biri olan ve sevilerek tüketilen mantının, endüstriyel üretimdeki çeşitli <br>süreçlerde karşılaşılabilecek sorunlar nedeniyle kalitesi düşebilmektedir. Kalite kontrolde kullanılan CIE <br>Lab sistemi yani üç nokta yöntemi olarak da bilinen renk sistemine göre mantı üretiminde ürünün kalite <br>düşüşleri belirlenebilmektedir. Bu çalışmada mantı üretiminde ısıl işlem süresine göre oluşturulan mantı <br>veriseti (Mikrodalga seviyesi, L, a, b ve zaman) bazı Makine Öğrenmesi (MÖ) yöntemleri kullanılarak <br>işlenmiştir. Bu işlem sonucunda ise en yüksek f-score’un 87% ile DT (Decision Tree) sınıflandırıcısı ile <br>elde edildiği, bu sonucun ise 73% ile Linear çekirdek kullanılan SVM (Support Vector Machine) ve 71% <br>ile N_neighbours çekirdeği kullanan K-NN (K-Nearest Neighbor) tarafından takip edildiği görülmüştür. <br>Sonuç olarak, MÖ yöntemleri kullanılarak mantı üretim süreçlerinde ürün kalitesi ve güvenilirliğinin <br>arttırılabileceği görülmüştür.</p> Serkan ÖRÜCÜ Süleyman GÖKMEN Copyright (c) 2023 International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches 2024-10-13 2024-10-13 7 10 175 181 AN OVERVIEW OF TOMATO LEAF CURL VIRUS: IMPACT, CHALLENGES, AND MANAGEMENT https://as-proceeding.com/index.php/ijanser/article/view/2080 <p>The Tomato Leaf Curl Virus (ToLCV) is a significant threat to tomato crops worldwide, <br>causing substantial economic losses and challenges for growers. This review article provides a <br>comprehensive overview of ToLCV, including its impact on tomato crops, the challenges it poses, and <br>various management strategies.</p> Quazi Mohd. Imranul Haq Copyright (c) 2023 International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches 2024-10-13 2024-10-13 7 10 182 183 Analyzing Game Strategies of the Don’t Get Angry Board Game Using Computer Simulations https://as-proceeding.com/index.php/ijanser/article/view/2081 <p>In the research described in this paper, we used computer simulations to analyze and compare <br>different types of game strategies in the popular board game Don't Get Angry. Following a brief <br>introduction, we summarized a few previous research papers examining similar board games' game <br>strategies. Next, after a review of the Don't Get Angry game's official rules, we outlined four strategies that <br>can be applied to increase the likelihood of winning. We simulated 50,000 games in which all four players <br>made their moves randomly and 50,000 games where each used a different strategy. We tracked how <br>frequently each player finished first, second, third, or last during the simulations. Furthermore, we recorded <br>how many rounds were needed to complete the game for each player, how many times the players’ pawns <br>were kicked out and returned to their houses by other players, and the number of players’ remaining steps <br>during every gameplay. From the analysis of the recorded data, we could conclude that significant <br>differences exist in the chances of winning the game for the examined strategies when all players use <br>different strategies. The results improve the specific domain knowledge for the Don't Get Angry board <br>game. It may help create more vigorous computer opponents and encourage further study to create a tool <br>for evaluating students' strategic thinking while playing.</p> Ladislav Végh Štefan Gubo Copyright (c) 2023 International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches 2024-10-13 2024-10-13 7 10 184 191 k-Step Viterbi Algorithm with Discrete Control for Tracking an Unknown Number of Targets https://as-proceeding.com/index.php/ijanser/article/view/2082 <p>This study is related to the development of the Viterbi algorithm for finding the most likely path <br>to reach an uncertain number of targets. In this context, the Viterbi algorithm is enhanced to perform future <br>best path calculations more accurately using a symbolic approach to discrete control synthesis within the <br>framework of optimization for the K-step. The results of this work combine the guarantees of safety offered <br>by discrete control synthesis with the optimization, ensuring that the path calculation yields the optimal <br>value, representing the best path. The accuracy of our results is substantiated by an illustrative case study, <br>demonstrating the superiority of our approach over the standard Viterbi algorithm. Specifically, our <br>findings showcase that the proposed algorithm not only ensures the desired system behavior but also <br>provides the optimal path value, outperforming the conventional Viterbi algorithm.</p> Mehmet Kurucan Mete Özbaltan Copyright (c) 2023 International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches 2024-10-13 2024-10-13 7 10 192 194 The Impact of Monetary and Economic Policies on Risk Management in Banks https://as-proceeding.com/index.php/ijanser/article/view/2083 <p>This study explores the intricate relationship between monetary and economic policies and <br>their profound impact on risk management within the banking sector. The objective of this research is to <br>comprehensively examine how various monetary and economic policies, such as interest rate adjustments, <br>inflation monitoring, and economic growth, affect risk management in banks. <br>The research employs a multi-faceted approach, including descriptive and analytical methods, to <br>understand the potential effects of monetary policies on bank risk management. It also examines the <br>implications of interest rate fluctuations and their impact on bank performance. Furthermore, it addresses <br>the consequences of inflation control measures on credit and market risk management. The research <br>suggests that these events can lead to changes in banking and financial risks. <br>The key findings of this research highlight that changes in monetary and economic policies significantly <br>influence the risk profiles of financial institutions. These shifts require banks to adapt and continuously <br>enhance risk management strategies. <br>In conclusion, this summary underscores the utmost importance of aligning risk management practices in <br>banks with ever-changing monetary and economic policies to effectively mitigate potential risks. It <br>emphasizes the importance of directing banks' attention towards how these policies align with their <br>objectives and sustainability. It forms a crucial foundation for understanding how banking institutions can <br>thrive in a continually evolving economic landscape.</p> Thameur Oussama Copyright (c) 2023 International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches 2024-10-13 2024-10-13 7 10 195 198 DAMAGES CAUSED BY EARTHQUAKES TO MINES AND UNDERGROUND SPACES AND MINIMIZING THESE DAMAGES https://as-proceeding.com/index.php/ijanser/article/view/2084 <p>Earthquakes can damage underground mines in two main ways. First, earthquakes can cause <br>axial shift of faults, creating cave-ins and fissures. This poses a serious danger to mine workers and <br>infrastructure. Earthquake-induced collapses in underground mines may threaten the life safety of workers <br>and disrupt the operations of mines. <br>Secondly, earthquakes, especially in mines where gas emissions are common, may cause hairline cracks to <br>coalesce and turn into larger cracks. This may lead to increased gas emissions and explosions and fires. <br>Such incidents in gas-related mines, such as coal mines, both endanger the safety of workers and have <br>negative effects on the sustainability of mines. <br>Therefore, it is of great importance to be aware of the effects of earthquakes on underground mining <br>operations and underground cavities and to take the necessary precautions to minimize such dangers. <br>Protective measures such as structural strengthening, safe evacuation of workers, gas monitoring systems <br>and fire suppression systems play a vital role in reducing risks from earthquakes. Scientific research and <br>the development of mine safety standards play a critical role in minimizing the damage that earthquakes <br>can cause to mining operations and underground cavities. <br>In this article, the damages caused by historical earthquakes to mining enterprises and underground cavities <br>are examined. Historical data shows how earthquakes can affect such structures. Past experiences provide <br>important lessons to prevent similar situations from recurring in the future. For this purpose, technologies <br>and protective measures that can be used to reduce the damage caused by earthquakes to mining operations <br>and underground cavities are also discussed in this article. Appropriate measures taken against earthquakes <br>are vital in protecting both human life and property. <br>This study sheds light on efforts to understand the effects of earthquakes on underground mining operations <br>and underground cavities and to make such structures safer. Understanding the effects of earthquakes on <br>such structures is a critical step in reducing the effects of future disasters.</p> Gökhan KÜLEKÇİ Copyright (c) 2023 International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches 2024-10-13 2024-10-13 7 10 199 206 Feedback Control over Quantum Sensing Based on Bose-Einstein Condensate Trapped in Two-Dimensional Ring Potential https://as-proceeding.com/index.php/ijanser/article/view/2085 <p>Recent great progress in studying theoretical and especially experimental properties of Bose<br>Einstein condensate (BEC) creates a new era in developing and designing principally novel types of <br>quantum devices, including quantum sensors for measuring nonlinear interactions, external electrical and <br>magnetic fields, and other physical characteristics with high sensitivity. Here we discuss the application <br>of feedback control over a quantum sensor based on the Bose-Einstein condensate trapped in two<br>dimensional ring potential. For a weakly interacting regime, the dynamics of such a system are modeled <br>by three coupled complex differential master equations containing the parameter of interaction and the <br>chemical potential parameter. The last one plays the role of control variable in sensing protocol for two<br>body interaction. The goal of control is to minimize the effects of the higher energy levels in BEC by <br>driving their corresponding matrix density elements. The control algorithm is designed as Kolesnikov’s <br>feedback forming an artificial target attractor in the dynamical system. We re-formulate Kolesnikov’s <br>approach in the operator form to adapt it to quantum engineering processes. The control approach <br>proposed here can be efficiently extended to different sensing protocols for detecting external magnetic <br>fields, rotational components, and other physical characteristics of BEC interacting with the environment.</p> Sergey Borisenok Copyright (c) 2023 International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches 2024-10-13 2024-10-13 7 10 207 211 � �-Metrik Uzaylarda İdeal Yakınsaklık https://as-proceeding.com/index.php/ijanser/article/view/2086 <p>Bu çalışmadaki amacımız, temeli doğal sayılar kümesinin altkümelerinin bir idealine dayanan ve <br>istatistiksel yakınsaklık ile ilişkili birçok yakınsaklık çeşidine genel bir bakış açısı sunan ideal yakınsaklık <br>kavramını g-metrik uzaylarda ele almaktır. Klasik anlamda bilinen ideal yakınsaklık kavramından <br>yararlanarak gJ-yakınsaklık ve gJ*-yakınsaklık kavramını tanıtarak burada var olan özellikleri g-metrik <br>uzaylara taşıyoruz. (AP) özelliği yardımıyla gJ-yakınsaklık ve gJ∗-yakınsaklık kavramları arasındaki <br>ilişkiyi inceliyoruz. Bunlara ek olarak, g-metrik uzaylarda gJ-Cauchy ve gJ*-Cauchy dizileri tanımlarını <br>vererek klasik anlamda bilinen teoremleri ifade ve ispat ediyoruz.</p> Saime KOLANCI Mehmet GÜRDAL Copyright (c) 2023 International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches 2024-10-13 2024-10-13 7 10 212 218 Üçlü Diziler İçin Kuvvetli Lacunary I*-Yakınsaklık https://as-proceeding.com/index.php/ijanser/article/view/2087 <p>İstatistiksel yakınsama ilk olarak 1951 yılında Fast [6] tarafından çalışılmıştır. Fridy ve Orhan [8], <br>lacunary dizisini kullanarak lacunary istatistiksel yakınsamayı incelemişlerdir. Kostyrko ve diğerleri [14] <br>doğal sayı kümesi üzerindeki idealleri kullanarak ideal yakınsamayı sunmuşlardır. Bu makalenin ikinci <br>yazarı ve çalışma grubu tarafından I-Cauchy,&nbsp; I*-Cauchy dizisi ve üçlü dizi kavramları literatüre <br>kazandırılmıştır. Bu çalışmada ise üçlü diziler için lacunary&nbsp; I*-yakınsaklık ve kuvvetli lacunary&nbsp; I*<br>yakınsaklık kavramları tanımlanmıştır. Ayrıca, üçlü diziler için kuvvetli lacunary I-yakınsaklık ve <br>kuvvetli lacunary&nbsp; I*-yakınsaklık arasındaki ilişkiler araştırılmıştır. Son olarak, kuvvetli lacunary&nbsp; I<br>Cauchy üçlü dizisi kavramı tanımlanmış ve kuvvetli lacunary I-Cauchy üçlü dizisi ile kuvvetli lacunary <br>&nbsp;I*-Cauchy üçlü dizisi arasındaki ilişkiler araştırılmıştır.</p> Mehmet Gürdal Saime Kolancı Copyright (c) 2023 International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches 2024-10-13 2024-10-13 7 10 219 224 Enhancing Chronic Kidney Disease Diagnosis using Machine Learning Classifiers: A Comparative Analysis https://as-proceeding.com/index.php/ijanser/article/view/2088 <p>One of the most common and dangerous illnesses affecting people on a global scale, chronic <br>kidney disease (CKD), does not manifest itself until the kidneys of a particular person have sustained <br>irreparable harm. The progression of CKD is linked to many serious side effects, such as an increased risk <br>of different diseases, kidney failure, nerve harm, pregnancy problems, anemia, and hyperlipidemia. This <br>illness claims the lives of millions of individuals each year. Since there are no significant symptoms that <br>can be used as a benchmark to identify CKD, diagnosing the condition might be difficult. Occasionally, <br>data may be interpreted wrongly when the diagnosis is persistent. To diagnose CKD in patients, this study <br>employs a machine learning classifier. Six machine learning (ML) techniques are used in this study, <br>including Random Forest (RF), Random Tree (RT), Decision Table (DTa), Decision Tree (DTr), Naïve <br>Bayes (NB), and Hoeffding Tree and multiple performance metrics are considered such as accuracy, TPR, <br>FPR, recall and mean absolute error (MAE). To select the most accurate classifier for predicting CKD, <br>these predictive models are created using a dataset on chronic kidney disease containing 279 attributes <br>acquired from Kaggle. Our objective is to ease the introduction of machine learning techniques for precisely <br>detecting CKD by learning from dataset attribute reports. The main contribution of the research is an ML<br>based model for diagnosing chronic renal disease that outperforms common diagnosing techniques and <br>reaches the highest predicted accuracy. This study also contrasted how well each model performed. We <br>were able to predict this disease with the Random Forest model more accurately than ever before, at a <br>76.23% accuracy level.</p> Abdul Majid Muhammad Ismail Fazal Muhammad Jamal Hussain Arman Bilal Khan Copyright (c) 2023 International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches 2024-10-13 2024-10-13 7 10 225 233 Mechanical Fastening Methods of Polymer-Based Composites https://as-proceeding.com/index.php/ijanser/article/view/2089 <p>Polymers and polymeric composites are increasingly used in a variety of products, mainly due <br>to their associated weight savings and ease of installation. There are three main joining methods for <br>polymers and polymeric composites: mechanical fixing, bonding and welding. When combining polymer <br>materials and polymer matrix composite materials, the components must be combined to meet both <br>mechanical loads (static and dynamic) and environmental loads (temperature and humidity). However, <br>especially when combining composites consisting of materials with different physical and chemical <br>properties, such as polymers and metals, it is very difficult to combine them with adhesives and weld them <br>in a way that preserves the structural integrity of the structures. In such cases, mechanical fixing procedures <br>are an important solution. <br>This article aims to explain the basic principles of the mechanical fixing process the main mechanical fixing <br>methods that can be used in joining polymer-based composite materials and to various features of these <br>methods.</p> Ayça Demirer Kahraman Fatih Kahraman Copyright (c) 2023 International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches 2024-10-13 2024-10-13 7 10 234 239 Makine Öğrenmesi Teknikleriyle Potansiyel Yetenek Avı https://as-proceeding.com/index.php/ijanser/article/view/2090 <p>Bu çalışma, futbolculardaki potansiyel yeteneklerini tahmin etmek için makine öğrenimi tekniklerini <br>araştırmaktadır. İki veri kümesi kullanılarak futbolcuların istatistiksel özellikleri analiz edilmiş ve çeşitli <br>makine öğrenimi algoritmaları ile potansiyel etiketler tahmin edilmiştir. Seçilen birden fazla makine <br>öğrenmesi modellemelerinden en başarılı sonuç Rastgele Orman yaklaşımından elde edilmiştir. Sonuçlar, <br>makine öğrenimi tekniklerinin futbolculardaki potansiyeli tahmin etmede etkili olduğunu göstermektedir. <br>Bu yaklaşım, futbol kulüplerine, veri odaklı oyuncu seçimi yapabilme, potansiyel yetenek gösteren <br>oyuncuları daha doğru bir şekilde tanımlayarak gelecekteki başarılarını artırma fırsatı sunmaktadır.</p> Merve Mirza Parıldar Cemil Zalluhoğlu Copyright (c) 2023 International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches 2024-10-13 2024-10-13 7 10 240 245 Parameterized Differential Transformation Method for Solving Initial and Boundary Value Problems https://as-proceeding.com/index.php/ijanser/article/view/2091 <p>Recently there has been developed various modifications of some numerical methods of <br>approximating the solution of high order ordinary and partial differential equations. The differential <br>transformation method (DTM) is one of the numerical methods that allows one to find an approximate <br>solution in the case of linear and nonlinear initial and/or boundary value problems for various type of <br>differential equations. This numerical method was first proposed by Zhou, in solving of linear and <br>nonlinear boundary value problems in electrical circuit analysis. The main advantage of DTM is that it <br>can be applied directly to solve nonlinear ordinary and partial differential equations without requiring <br>perturbation or linearization. This study develops a new extension/generalization of DTM called α<br>parameterized differential transform method (α-PDTM). The α -PDTM differs from classical DTM in the <br>calculation of differential transform coefficients. In this work, we applied the parameterized differential <br>transformation method to solve the following simple but illustrative differential equation. <br>�<br>�''(x) + u(x) +3ex = 0, <br>together with boundary conditions <br>�<br>�(0) = 3, <br>�<br>� ∈[0,1] <br>�<br>�'(0) = 0. <br>We also plotted the approximate solution to demonstrate the robustness and efficiency of our own <br>method. The results obtained showed that the proposed new method can become an alternative way to <br>solve boundary value problems of various types. Note that in some concrete values of the auxiliary <br>parameter our own method reduces to the classic DTM.</p> Oktay Sh. Mukhtarov Merve Yücel Kadriye Aydemir Copyright (c) 2023 International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches 2024-10-13 2024-10-13 7 10 246 250 Real-Time Apple Disease Detection and Classification Using Hybrid CNN Model https://as-proceeding.com/index.php/ijanser/article/view/2092 <p>Identifying and categorizing diseases in apple fruit is a difficult and time-consuming task in <br>the field of agriculture. It is crucial to have an automated method for detecting apple diseases to <br>effectively monitor and ensure sufficient and healthy production. While disease symptoms are visible in <br>the apple fruit, having experts diagnose them in a lab is expensive and time consuming. This paper <br>proposes a deep learning approach to detect and classify three types of common fungal diseases in apples <br>(apple scab, apple rot, and apple blotch) from Red Green Blue (RGB) images of apples taken at various <br>resolutions. The convolutional neural network model is used to distinguish between healthy and diseased <br>apples. Agriculture heavily relies on digital image processing and analysis to ensure the production of <br>high-quality fruits. Using CNN as a classifier to automatically detect and classify apple diseases, we have <br>experimentally proven the importance of pre-programmed knowledge in the agriculture industry. Cross<br>validation and testing on unseen data were conducted to exhaustively evaluate the trained model in <br>various parameters. The experimental results have demonstrated that the proposed deep learning-based <br>algorithm can accurately classify the three types of apple diseases with good accuracy.</p> Abdul Rafay Muhammad Aqeel Muhammad Iqbal Ahmed Sohaib Badarul Islam Ahmed Zaheer Copyright (c) 2023 International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches 2024-10-13 2024-10-13 7 10 251 259 Taguchi-GRA Optimization of Shielded Metal Arc Welding Parameters for High Strength Low Alloy Steel https://as-proceeding.com/index.php/ijanser/article/view/2093 <p>This research aims to enhance the quality of welding joints in industrial applications made from <br>High Strength Low Alloy (HSLA) steel, by optimizing the welding parameters for Shielded Metal Arc <br>Welding (SMAW). The quality of welds significantly impacts mechanical properties and is influenced by <br>factors such as welding current, welding speed, and electrode diameter. Suboptimal values of these <br>parameters can lead to defects, affecting mechanical characteristics adversely. In this study, we conducted <br>nine experiments using the Taguchi orthogonal array L9 design and applied Grey Relational Analysis <br>(GRA) for multi-response optimization. The optimized welding parameters, identified as 125 A current, 4 <br>mm/s speed, and 4 mm electrode diameter, resulted in a notable 9% increase in Tensile Strength and a <br>3.20% improvement in hardness values, indicating significant enhancement in weld quality and joint <br>integrity.</p> Muhammad Saad Afzal Aneela Wakeel Muhammad Ali Nasir Asad Yousaf Copyright (c) 2023 International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches 2024-10-13 2024-10-13 7 10 260 268 Develop a model to analyse the roadside factors that affect the speed of vehicles on open-access highways https://as-proceeding.com/index.php/ijanser/article/view/2094 <p>This study analysed the impact of roadside features and roadway characteristics on the travel <br>speed of multilane highways. Video photography collected data on traffic count and roadside factors from <br>ten sections. The study used the floating vehicle technique to gather data on speed, pedestrian road <br>crossing, and side walking simultaneously. A regression analysis was performed to examine the <br>correlation between speed and factors related to the roadside. The study found that pedestrian road <br>crossing was the most crucial speed-influencing element on open-access multilane highways, followed by <br>road built-up area and pedestrian side walking, through a multilinear regression analysis. The developed <br>models were validated using predicted and observed speeds. Proper pedestrian crossings, standing <br>facilities, and parking can mitigate the impact of these factors on travel speed. However, the study <br>determined that limiting pedestrian crossing and side walking and preventing built-up areas across the <br>road would increase the efficiency of open-access multilane highways.</p> Aziz Ur Rehman Jamal Ahmed Khan Copyright (c) 2023 International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches 2024-10-13 2024-10-13 7 10 269 273 The Crucial Role of Polytechnics and Community Colleges in Overcoming Challenges to Empower TVET in Malaysia https://as-proceeding.com/index.php/ijanser/article/view/2095 <p>Technical and vocational education and training (TVET) plays a vital role in developing a <br>skilled workforce and supporting national growth, particularly in the Fourth Industrial Revolution. <br>Malaysia has a well-established TVET system with 1,295 public and private providers. Polytechnics and <br>community colleges are significant contributors, accounting for 45% of TVET enrolment and producing <br>graduates with a marketability rate exceeding 90%. However, challenges persist in making TVET the <br>primary education option in Malaysia. The country's TVET agenda faces governance, industry <br>cooperation, quality accreditation, branding, and funding issues, which demand comprehensive solutions <br>to produce competent graduates that meet industry demands. To overcome these challenges, the <br>Malaysian government is taking initiatives to empower TVET through the establishment of the Malaysia <br>Technical and Vocational Education and Training (MTVET) department, Global Institute of Training and <br>Consulting (GITC), and Technical and Vocational Education and Training Council (TCH), as well as <br>funding allocation. The government aims to enhance the standardization and quality of TVET, actively <br>involve industries, and produce highly skilled graduates. In order to increase the number of youths <br>interested in TVET, comprehensive campaigns and branding efforts are necessary. By doing so, TVET <br>can become the top choice for preparing young people for the future. The successful implementation of <br>the TVET Collaboration Hub is crucial in achieving these goals, and Polytechnics and community <br>colleges are well-positioned to contribute significantly to this effort. By working together, all parties <br>involved can support the development of a highly skilled and competitive workforce that can contribute to <br>Malaysia's continued growth and success.</p> Mohd Daud Isa Tengku Azman Tengku Mohd Sharifah Nurulhuda Tuan Mohd Yasin Copyright (c) 2023 International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches 2024-10-13 2024-10-13 7 10 274 280 UNRAVELING THE IMPACTS OF OCEAN PLASTIC POLLUTION AND STRATEGIES FOR EFFECTIVE MITIGATION https://as-proceeding.com/index.php/ijanser/article/view/2096 <p>Plastic pollution in the ocean is a global environmental crisis with profound consequences for <br>marine ecosystems, human societies, and the planet as a whole. This paper delves into the concept of plastic <br>pollution in the ocean, emphasizing its pervasive and detrimental effects. It highlights the role of ocean as <br>a source of sustenance, climate regulator, transportation route, and vital ecosystem provider. While oceans <br>offer immense benefits, they face dire threats from plastic pollution. The harms of plastic pollution on <br>marine life are explored, with a focus on ingestion, entanglement, and the introduction of harmful chemicals <br>into the food chain. The adverse impact on water quality, sediment contamination, navigation, and various <br>human activities are also discussed. Understanding the pathways of plastic leakage including land-based <br>activities, stormwater runoff, marine-based industries, microplastic generation, shipping and maritime <br>accidents, and even atmospheric deposition into the ocean is paramount. To mitigate plastic pollution, <br>multifaceted approaches are required. Effective waste management and reduction of plastic production and <br>consumption, including bans and restrictions on single-use plastics, offer tangible solutions. Extended <br>Producer Responsibility (EPR) programs, improved recycling, and circular economy promotion are vital <br>components of mitigation. Innovative cleanup technologies and the strengthening of international <br>agreements and regulations are essential. This paper also offers policy recommendations, including the <br>implementation of plastic reduction and bans, the enhancement of waste management systems, promotion <br>of recycling and circular economy, and the enforcement of marine pollution prevention regulations. <br>Education, research, and public awareness initiatives are equally critical in our collective efforts to combat <br>plastic pollution in the ocean and safeguard the health of our marine ecosystems and our planet.</p> S. M. Rezaul Karim Zulkefly Sulaiman Saiful Ahmad Hamdani Nayeem Asif Wahidul Alam Simul Bhuiya Naina Islam Copyright (c) 2023 International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches 2024-10-13 2024-10-13 7 10 281 287 ALÜMİNYUM TREYLERDE KAYNAK TELİNİN İNCELENMESİ https://as-proceeding.com/index.php/ijanser/article/view/2097 <p>Alüminyum ve alaşımları, otomobil üretiminden havacılığa, inşaattan savunma sanayisine kadar <br>geniş bir yelpazede önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Alüminyumun plakaların birleştirilmesi de önem arz <br>etmektedir. Sac üretim boyutları kısıtlı olduğu için ve sektörde farklı tasarımlar çıktığı için iki alüminyum <br>metalini birleştirmek önemlidir. Bu birleştirme malzemenin dayanımı ve özellikleri konusundan önem arz <br>etmektedir. Bu çalışma, 5182 alüminyum alaşımının farklı kaynak telleri kullanılarak TIG(tungsten asal <br>gaz) kaynağı ile kaynaklanmasının mekanik özelliklerini incelemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. İki farklı kaynak <br>telinin (5554 ve 5556) kullanıldığı deneylerde, kaynak sonrası görüntülemeler, radyografik muayene ve <br>XRD analizleri ile kaynak bölgeleri incelenmiştir.</p> Nihat OCAK Buğra KAYA Erhan DURU Emin Emre GÖKTEPE Copyright (c) 2023 International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches 2024-10-13 2024-10-13 7 10 288 293 Inference of Sejahtera Academic Framework (SAF) principles in architecture pedagogy at DoA-KAED, IIUM https://as-proceeding.com/index.php/ijanser/article/view/2098 <p>Malaysia is deemed to leverage its human capital towards skillful professionals. In all fields of <br>tertiary education, students are shaped with the foundations of digitalization, cloud computing, the <br>Internet of Things, (IoT); Artificial Intelligent (A.I), Big Data, metaverse, autonomous robotics etc. <br>Nevertheless, with all these emergent advancements, is there any guarantee that human value would not <br>be jeopardized? This article infers the discourse of humanizing education, using the notion of Sejahtera <br>Academic Framework (SAF) principles, especially on its applicability to architecture pedagogy. With the <br>emergence of IR 4.0 advancements that overwhelms the tertiary education, a question has arisen, is there <br>any guarantee that human value would not be jeopardized? Hence, this paper has the objective to evaluate <br>the current pedagogic practice in architecture education in relation to the core principles and the auxiliary <br>tools of Sejahtera Academic Framework (SAF). To achieve the objective, qualitative approach of content <br>analysis is conducted as a strategy to inquire understanding on the subject discussed. This preliminary <br>research is significant to ensure alignment between SAF and architecture pedagogy could be established <br>firmly, to support the university’s vision.</p> Nayeem Asif Fadzidah Abdullah Zeenat Begam Yusof Aliyah Nur Zafirah Sanusi Aida Kesuma Azmin Noorizhar Ismail Copyright (c) 2023 International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches 2024-10-13 2024-10-13 7 10 294 301 Antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella spp. isolated from ground beef in Tirana market https://as-proceeding.com/index.php/ijanser/article/view/2099 <p>Salmonella is a pathogen bacterium that can cause foodborne disease in humans. One of the <br>common sources of Salmonella is contaminated meat, including ground beef. Raw or undercooked meat, <br>infected with multidrug-resistant Salmonella remains a pertinent public health risk The bacteria can be <br>spread by food handlers who do not maintain proper hygiene when manipulating with their hands and/or <br>do not clean the surfaces and tools they use between food preparation steps. This study was conducted to <br>investigate the resistant strains of Salmonella spp. in ground beef of Tirana market. A total of 30 samples <br>were evaluated; 7 samples resulted Salmonella spp. positive (23,3%) and moreover these strains were <br>resistant to two or more antibiotics. The resistance levels of the isolates, against 8 different antimicrobial <br>agents were tested and showed a high resistance rate. The results showed the possible significance of ground <br>beef as a source of multiple antimicrobial-resistant Salmonella for human infections and suggest the need <br>for detailed epidemiological study.</p> Sonila Çoçoli Egon Andoni Tana Kika Copyright (c) 2023 International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches 2024-10-13 2024-10-13 7 10 302 304 Control of a wind conversion chain based on PMSG integrating a vienna rectifier and Shunt Active Power Filters https://as-proceeding.com/index.php/ijanser/article/view/2100 <p>This article exposes an electricity production system, composed of a wind turbine with <br>horizontal axis connected to a synchronous generator with permanent magnet (with pole), connected to <br>the network via a power circuit combining a rectifier of Vienna controlled by the command vector with <br>SVPWM modulation and shunt Active Power Filter (sAPF) using the P-Q algorithm. The simulation <br>results show a good performance of the proposed control strategy.</p> SID AHMED FEKROUN ABDELKADER MORSLI ABDELHAFIDH MOUALDIA Copyright (c) 2023 International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches 2024-10-13 2024-10-13 7 10 305 312 Eco-Conscious Tourism: A study on Green Turtle conservation measures at Pantai Kerachut, Penang https://as-proceeding.com/index.php/ijanser/article/view/2101 <p>The impact of tourism on the safety of green turtle hatching at Pantai Kerachut, Penang, <br>Malaysia has been reviewed in this paper. It emphasizes the need for sustainable ecotourism practices to <br>protect the reproduction processes of endangered green turtles. The uncontrolled influx of tourists at <br>Penang National Park has raised concerns about its biodiversity and ecosystem. The study aims to <br>understand the existing situation related to tourism-based activities at Pantai Kerachut and their <br>repercussions on green turtle reproduction. The findings reveal that while authorities are making efforts to <br>control the number and activities of tourists to safeguard the ecosystem, room for improvement remains. <br>Illegal activities such as night camping disrupt the hatching process of turtles, necessitating stricter <br>monitoring. Furthermore, tourist facilities at Pantai Kerachut do not adhere to proper safety standards, <br>particularly concerning the jetty, accessibility, sanitation, and other essential amenities. There is potential <br>for enhancing the nesting environment for green turtles by introducing suitable vegetation along the <br>shoreline. To address these concerns, a comprehensive review of existing tourism rules and activities <br>based on national ecotourism policies is recommended. Specific guidelines tailored to the unique <br>ecosystem of Penang National Forest should also be developed. Lastly, further research is proposed to <br>investigate the hatching patterns and suitable environmental conditions for green turtles. This research <br>also projected to define specific time durations and activities with appropriate facilities, ensuring the <br>proper management of tourism and the preservation of the ecosystem at Pantai Kerachut.</p> Nayeem Asif Sarker Mohammad Rezaul Karim Rafia Karim Copyright (c) 2023 International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches 2024-10-13 2024-10-13 7 10 313 319 Ekolojik ve Ekonomik Sistemlerde Besin Olarak Böcekler https://as-proceeding.com/index.php/ijanser/article/view/2102 <p>Böcekler, ekosferde yer alan hemen hemen tüm besin zicir ve ağlarının en önemli bileşenleridir. <br>Üreme, adaptasyon ve yayıma yeteneklerinin etkisi ile hayvansal organizmaların yaklaşık 2/3 lük kısmını <br>oluşturan bu canlılar nitel ve nicel olarak da biyolojik çeçitlilik bakımından da en zengin biotik <br>faktörlerdendir. İlerleyen yıllarda dünya nüfusunun çok artacağı öngörülmekte ve artan nüfus, şehirleşme <br>oranının büyümesi, ekonomik nedenler ve bazı çevresel faktörler nedeniyle, insanların yeterli miktarda <br>hayvansal ürün kaynaklarına ulaşmada büyük sorunlar yaşayacağı düşünülmektedir. Bu sebeple <br>geleneksel protein kaynakları yetersiz kalacak olup, yenilebilir böceklerin alternatif protein kaynakları, <br>mineraller ve vitaminler açısından zengin olduğu hesaba katılacaktır. Günümüzde birçok böcek türü <br>yenilebilmektedir. Böcek üretimi için özel bir alana ihtiyaç duyulmaması ve çiftlik hayvanlarına kıyasla, <br>daha az sera ve amonyak gazı üretmesi de yenilebilir böcekleri sürdürülebilir beslenme için de önemli bir <br>alternatif besin kaynağına dönüştürmektedir. Ayrıca anti-obezite, antimikrobiyal ve antioksidan <br>özellikleri mevcut olsa da, böcekler, çeşitli biyolojik, kimyasal ve fiziksel tehlikelerin de kaynağı <br>olabilmektedir ve bu nedenle yenilebilir böcekler ile ilgili araştırmaların artması, böceklere özel mevzuat <br>ve kalite kontrollerin oluşturulması büyük önem taşımaktadır. Bu çalışmada, böceklerin ekolojik <br>sistemlerdeki rolleri vurgulanarak, özellikle yenilebilir böceklerin besin kaynağı olarak kullanımı, <br>potansiyel yararlı-zararlı etkileri ve gıda alanında kullanımlarının incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.</p> Aysel Kekillioğlu Buse Yıldız Copyright (c) 2023 International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches 2024-10-13 2024-10-13 7 10 320 326 İstilacı Tür Olarak L. decemlineata Say, 1824 (Insecta: Chrysomelidae) Üzerine Analiz https://as-proceeding.com/index.php/ijanser/article/view/2103 <p>Patateslerin en zararlı böceklerinden biri patates böceğidir. Patates böceği (Leptinotarsa <br>decemlineata Say, 1824), Chrysomelidae familyasına ait bir böcektir. Dünya çapında tanımlanan 35.000 <br>tür ile Coleoptera takımının üçüncü en büyük familyasıdır. Bu familyanın üyeleri hem larva hem de ergin <br>olarak bitkilerle beslenir ve her iki yaşam evresi de aynı veya ilgili bitki türlerini tüketir. Birçok tür <br>konukçuya özgüdür. Bu tür ilk olarak Thomas Say tarafından 1824 yılında Doryphora cinsinin bir üyesi <br>olarak tanımlanmıştır (Say, 1824). Familyanin diğer üyeleriyle olan morfolojik benzerliklere dayanarak, <br>Suffrian (1858) organizmanın yeniden sınıflandırılması gerektiğini belirtmiş ancak kendisi herhangi bir <br>resmi değişiklik yapmamıştır. L. decemlineata 19. yüzyılın ortalarında bir sorun haline gelmiş ve bilim <br>camiasının büyük ilgisini çekmiştir. Patates endüstrisinde, böcek zorlu bir tehlike olmaya devam etmekte <br>ve coğrafi kapsamını sürekli olarak dünyanın diğer bölgelerine doğru genişletmektedir. Çeşitli stres <br>faktörlerine karşı potansiyel dayanıklılığının yanı sıra, çeşitli ve adaptasyon yeteneği yüksek yaşam <br>döngü ve süreci nedeniyle kontrol edilmesi çok zor bir haşeredir. Bu bağlamda; çalışmanın amaç ve <br>içeriğini, Patates böceği olarak bilinen Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say, 1824 ‘nın istilacı tür olarak <br>analizi oluşturmaktadır.</p> Aysel Kekillioğlu Copyright (c) 2023 International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches 2024-10-13 2024-10-13 7 10 327 335 A review on Toxoplasma gondii (Nicolle & Manceaux, 1908) (Apicomplexa:Sarcocystidae) https://as-proceeding.com/index.php/ijanser/article/view/2104 <p>In this work, the protozoan of Toxoplasma gondii (Nicolle &amp; Manceaux, 1908) <br>(Apicomplexa:Sarcocystidae) is reviewed. Toxoplasma gondii is intracellular parasite belonging to the <br>phylum of apicomplexa. It is a common protozoan of warm-blooded animals, and it distributes <br>worldwide, causing infection in eyes’ retina, brain and other regions of the body. It has been reported that <br>toxoplasmosis is one of neglected disease by CDC. The first discovery of this intracellular parasite was in <br>1908, and later in 1957 was detected causing abortion in animal. In 1970, it was the first time for <br>recognizing the life cycle of it, they were found that cats (felids in general) are the final host, and the <br>stage of oocyst is occurring in the stool of infected cats. For prevention, T.gondii can be prevented by <br>hygiene, and it considers the only way preventive measure because vaccination technology is not <br>discovered yet for toxoplasmosis prevention in human.</p> Manal Al-hajj Aysel Kekillioğlu Copyright (c) 2023 International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches 2024-10-13 2024-10-13 7 10 336 344 BATTERY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR ELECTRIC VEHICLES https://as-proceeding.com/index.php/ijanser/article/view/2105 <p>Energy storage options that are adaptable, controllable, and more effective have boosted interest <br>in electric cars. Electric cars would have a driving motor that was powered by a large battery pack. It's <br>important to comprehend the battery's power density, endurance, flexible electrochemical behavior, and <br>temperature tolerance. Electric cars and renewable energy storage systems both require battery management <br>systems. The study discusses issues, challenges, and battery-related solutions. The battery management <br>system includes temperature management, battery data actuation and storage, voltage and current <br>monitoring, charge and discharge estimates, protection, and equalization. The different cell balancing <br>circuit types, their components, current and voltage stresses, control reliability, power loss, efficiency, size, <br>cost, and their advantages and disadvantages were also described in this study. Second, we discuss battery <br>management system issues and difficulties. We also point out issues and challenges that require further <br>attention if battery management systems for electric cars and renewable energy storage systems are to be <br>optimum and sustainable.</p> Muhammad Sabeel Shah Abdullah Abdul Qadeer Muhammad Zaman Adnan Hussain Muhammad Usama Sabeeh Alizai Arslan Ahmed Copyright (c) 2023 International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches 2024-10-13 2024-10-13 7 10 345 352 Silis Kumu Katmanlı Kompozit Basınçlı Su Borularının Kataner Direği Olarak Kullanılabilirliğinin İncelenmesi https://as-proceeding.com/index.php/ijanser/article/view/2106 <p>Bu çalışmada iç basınç etkisinde çalışan Cam Fiber ve Silis Kumu Takviyeli Plastik Kompozit (CTP) <br>bir borunun elektrik enerjisinden beslenen raylı sistemlerde kullanılan beton veya çelik bir Katener Direği <br>yerine kullanılabilmesi için gerekli bilimsel ve teknolojik altyapılar araştırılmıştır. Mevcut su borularının <br>çoğunlukla 90 Hoop sarımlı Filament Sarım tekniğiyle ve 25 Bar’lık azami iç basınca dayanacak şekilde <br>üretildiği öncelikle tespit edilmiştir. Benzer kesit geometrisi ve uzunluğa sahip bir Katener Direğinin <br>çalışabilme kabul şartları ise Eğme Momentleri temelli bir takım sehim kriterlerinin sağlanmasıdır. <br>Gerçekleştirilen Sonlu Eleman bazlı bilimsel çalışmalar ve mevcut üretim tezgâhı dönüştürülme imkânı <br>incelemeleri neticesinde, Su Borularıyla aynı katman kalınlıkları ve benzer matris-fiber kompozit <br>bileşenleri ancak bu defa farklı bir açısal sarım yaklaşımıyla yeni CTP Katener Direklerinin asgari maliyette <br>üretilebileceği tespit edilmiştir.</p> Cihat ARDA Şevval YILMAZ M. Hüsnü DİRİKOLU Copyright (c) 2023 International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches 2024-10-13 2024-10-13 7 10 353 359 Loss Factor Behavior of Oil Impregnated Paper Under the Effect of Temperature and Aging using Frequency Domain Spectroscopy https://as-proceeding.com/index.php/ijanser/article/view/2107 <p>Power transformer is crucial and expensive electrical transmission component. Regular <br>maintenance is essential for prolonging the operational lifespan of this device. Dielectric testing <br>techniques are a tool for evaluating and predicting the condition of transformer insulation systems. This <br>paper investigates loss factor variation for two types of oil-impregnated paper used in power transformers, <br>kraft and pressboard. During laboratory experiments, dielectric loss values were examined at different <br>temperatures and thermal aging based on frequency domain spectroscopy (FDS) with a frequency range <br>from 0,01Hz to 1000Hz. The results showed that temperature and aging are two significant factors that <br>influence the loss factor and the quality of the insulation of paper. In addition, these experiments revealed <br>that a correlation exists between frequency and these two factors. Such correlation can be utilized for <br>better prediction of paper insulation lifetime.</p> Younes Dib Tahar Seghier Belkacem Yousfi Ahmed Hadjadj Souhaib Cherrak Ayoub Mansour Belhamiti Copyright (c) 2023 International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches 2024-10-13 2024-10-13 7 10 360 366 Totem-Kutuplu Köprüsüz Yükseltici PFC Dönüştürücünün Performans Değerlendirmesi https://as-proceeding.com/index.php/ijanser/article/view/2108 <p>Elektrik güç dönüştürücülerinin avantajlarına rağmen, özellikle şebeke tarafında ortaya çıkan güç <br>kalitesi sorunları, önemli bir dezavantaj olarak ortaya çıkmaktadır. Artan enerji talebi göz önüne <br>alındığında, güç kalitesi sorunları güç dönüştürücü verimini de etkilemektedir. Bu çalışma, AC-DC <br>dönüştürücülerin güç kalitesi sorunlarına etkili çözümler sunabilen Güç Faktörü Düzeltmeli (PFC) <br>dönüştürücülerden olan köprüsüz yükseltici ve totem-kutuplu köprüsüz dönüştürücüleri incelemektedir. <br>PFC dönüştürücüleri sürekli iletim modunda çalıştırılmış, gerilim kontrolü için PI kontrolör, akım kontrolü <br>için ise Oransal-Rezonans (PR) kontrolörü kullanılmıştır. PFC yapıları PLECS yazılımı ile simüle <br>edilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar, giriş akımının harmonik içeriği, güç faktörü ve verim açısından totem<br>kutuplu köprüsüz PFC yapısının, güç kalitesi sorunlarına karşı daha yüksek verimli bir çözüm sunduğunu <br>ortaya koymuştur.</p> Yasin BEKTAŞ Onur AKAR Copyright (c) 2023 International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches 2024-10-13 2024-10-13 7 10 367 372 Nesnelerin İnterneti ve Kullanım Genişliği Kapsamında Tarım ve Hayvancılık Alanlarında Araştırma Örnekleri https://as-proceeding.com/index.php/ijanser/article/view/2109 <p>Nesnelerin İnterneti (Internet of Things, IoT) teknolojisi ile dünyayı gözlemleme yeteneğine sahip, <br>veri işleyebilen, verileri analiz edebilen ve karar verme işlemleri gerçekleştirebilen, kablosuz algılayıcılar <br>yardımıyla canlı cansız nesneleri tanımlayabilen sistemler geliştirilmeye başlanmıştır. IoT, hakkında çok <br>fazla araştırma çalışması olduğundan ve halen gelişmesi devam eden bir teknoloji olması sebebiyle birçok <br>tanımı bulunmaktadır. Casagras’ın final raporunda (Coordination and Support Action Global RFID-related <br>Activities and Standardization), fiziki donanıma sahip nesneler ile sanal nesneler arasında iletişimi kuran, <br>veri üretilmesi ve üretilen verilerin paylaşımını sağlayan küresel bir altyapı olduğuna vurgu yapılmıştır. <br>İletişim teknolojilerinin ve yapay zekânın etkin bir şekilde ilerlemesiyle günlük hayat içerisinde verilerin <br>toplanması, yorumlanması, kayıt altına alınarak izlenmesi ve karar verme algoritmalarının oluşturulması <br>büyük önem kazanmaktadır. IoT teknolojisinin temelini Makineden Makineye İletişim (M2M) oluşturur. <br>IoT destekli cihazlar, internet üzerinden birbirleriyle protokoller aracılığıyla iletişim kurabilir ve böylece <br>kendi aralarında veri aktarımı yapabilirler. Bu özelliğinden dolayı IoT teknolojilerinin verdiği olanaklarla, <br>akıllı şehir, akıllı ev, akıllı trafik, akıllı tarım ve biyomedikal sistemlerinin yanı sıra kullanım alanlarının <br>genişliği ile göz önünde bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada IoT teknolojilerinin kullanıldığı geniş bir alanda <br>yazılmış tez ve makale çalışmaları incelenmiş, kaynaklar listelenmiş ve araştırmacılar için hem akademik <br>hem de ticari alanlardaki farklı çeşitlilikleri göz önüne getirilmiştir.</p> Kamil Aykutalp GÜNDÜZ Copyright (c) 2023 International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches 2024-10-13 2024-10-13 7 10 373 376 Development of Antimicrobial Plastic Material for Automotive Applications https://as-proceeding.com/index.php/ijanser/article/view/2110 <p>This article discusses the development of antibacterial plastic materials that can inhibit the <br>growth and spread of harmful microorganisms on plastic surfaces. The incorporation of antibacterial <br>additives into plastic formulations has been explored to address the issue of bacterial contamination in <br>various sectors, including healthcare, food packaging, and consumer goods. The article presents the results <br>of trials conducted on three different antibacterial plastic materials: 20% talc-filled polypropylene, unfilled <br>polyamide 6, and 35% glassfiber-reinforced polyamide 6, enhanced with silver and zinc pyrithione <br>additives. These materials are tried in recliner lever of car seats which is handled by driver and passangers. <br>The antibacterial activity of these materials was tested using standardized methods to evaluate their <br>effectiveness in reducing microbial contamination. The results showed that the incorporation of silver and <br>zinc pyrithione significantly reduced bacterial growth on the plastic surfaces, making these materials <br>suitable for applications where hygiene is crucial in nowadays. <br>The article also discusses the benefits of these antibacterial plastic materials, including their versatility, <br>durability, and public health benefits. As research in this field continues, more advanced antibacterial <br>plastic materials are expected to emerge, providing additional protection against microbial threats in our <br>everyday lives. The development of these materials represents a significant step forward in improving the <br>hygiene and safety of various products and applications.</p> Jennifer TATA Naci UYSAL Melih YAZICI Copyright (c) 2023 International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches 2024-10-13 2024-10-13 7 10 378 381 Portfolio Optimization with Multi-Objective Optimization Algorithms https://as-proceeding.com/index.php/ijanser/article/view/2111 <p>One of the critical issues in financial management is the investment decision-making process, <br>and one of the main goals of investment management is optimal stock portfolio selection. In this context, <br>there are various criteria and methods for optimal stock portfolio selection in the literature. This article <br>first calculates investment return and investment risk using data from 6 companies such as Amazon, <br>Yahoo, Microsoft, IBM, Apple, and Google for a one-month period from January 2014 to November <br>2014. Investment is calculated by 4 classical methods (mean-variance, mean-semi variance, mean <br>absolute deviation, conditional value at risk). As a result of these calculations, 0.05706, 0.028409, <br>0.028871, and 0.032995 with maximum ROI (0.0142 respectively) and Risk are calculated for each <br>classical method. Then, meta-heuristic methods (PSO, NSGA-II) are used for optimal selection of the <br>portfolio. As a result of the calculations, it can be seen that the NSGA-II meta-heuristic algorithm tends to <br>achieve the highest return on investment with a lower risk. These results suggest that the integration of <br>advanced computational methods, such as multi-objective optimization algorithms, may be important to <br>improve the precision and efficiency of portfolio selection in financial management. This can provide <br>valuable insights for investors and financial analysts.</p> Tohid Yousefi Özlem Aktaş Copyright (c) 2023 International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches 2024-10-13 2024-10-13 7 10 382 389 Comparing the Transform-based Algorithms to Handle Constraint Multiobjective Optimization Problems https://as-proceeding.com/index.php/ijanser/article/view/2112 <p>Engineering problems are converted to multiobjective problems and the methods to solve these <br>problems have progressed significantly in recent years. However, most of these algorithms are designed to <br>solve unconstrained multiobjective optimization problems. In fact, many engineering problems contains s <br>large number of constraints. For this reason, handling the constraints is relatively hard challenge for <br>multiobjective algorithms. In recent years, the constraint handling methods have achieved promising <br>performance. Among these handling techniques, transforming the problem to a different problem to handle <br>the constraint looks promising and relatively new papers have been focusing on these frameworks. Hence <br>in this research this constraint handling algorithms discussed on a set of multiobjective algorithms and <br>analyzed their performances by comparing them with each other.</p> Okkes Tolga Altinoz Copyright (c) 2023 International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches 2024-10-13 2024-10-13 7 10 390 395 Adsorption of cationic dyes with electrospun adsorbent fibers https://as-proceeding.com/index.php/ijanser/article/view/2113 <p>The use of electrospun fiber using polyacrylonitrile (PAN) as an adsorbent is a promising <br>premise in the treatment of dyed wastewater, such as brilliant green dye, from the environment. <br>Electrospinning is the technology where polymer solutions can be formed into micro to nano-sized fibers <br>that contain massive potential in wastewater treatment technology. In the present study, PAN/Bentonite <br>(PAN/Ben) was prepared by suspending bentonite powder in PAN solution before the electrospinning <br>process. The composite electrospun adsorbent fiber is then used for treating cationic dye wastewater. The <br>composition and morphology study of the adsorbent fiber found that the diameter of the fibers formed at <br>3.42 µm with elements of bentonite embedded in it. The adsorption ability of the adsorbent fibers reached <br>96% removal of 100 ppm dye concentration, with 64.84 mg/g adsorption capacity. The batch adsorption <br>analysis demonstrated that the adsorption process followed the Langmuir isotherm best, showing that the <br>adsorption process consists of monolayer adsorption on the surface of the adsorbent fiber. The experimental <br>data fits better in the pseudo-second order kinetic model, proving the adsorption to be chemisorption. The <br>pH and temperature study found that the adsorbent performs better as the pH levels increase from neutral <br>to basic conditions, meanwhile the fiber adsorption ability improves as the temperature of the solution <br>increase. The present work can provide new ways to utilize the electrospinning technology for adsorption <br>fibers.</p> A.I. Abdul Jalil M. Shahadat S. Ismail Copyright (c) 2023 International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches 2024-10-13 2024-10-13 7 10 396 402 Seasonal Determination of Particulate Matter (PM) Pollution in Harran University Osmanbey Campus https://as-proceeding.com/index.php/ijanser/article/view/2114 <p>Inhalable particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10) pollution is a significant environmental and <br>public health issue globally. Exposure to high levels of PM, especially fine particles, can have severe <br>health consequences. These particles can come from a variety of sources, including natural events like <br>dust storms and wildfires, as well as human activities such as industrial processes and transportation. In <br>order to determine PM2.5 and PM10 levels at Şanlıurfa Harran University Osmanbey Campus, samples <br>were taken at certain times of the day using the Termo Scientific pDR 1500 personal DataRam sampler <br>device in the autumn and spring seasons. In order to determine spatial difference, 40 different points were <br>determined within the campus. The highest value for PM2.5 in November 2019 was measured at Point 5 <br>with 39.46 µg/m3. The highest value for PM10 was measured at Point 5 with 70.08 µg/m3. The highest <br>value for PM2.5 in April 2020 was measured at Point 1 with 46.79 µg/m3. The highest value for PM10 was <br>measured at Point 5 with 78.38 µg/m3. Considering the spatial distribution seven points (1, 5, 10, 14, 15, <br>16, and 32) with the highest PM2.5 and PM10 pollution were determined among 40 different points <br>determined for both periods. Common reasons for this include the fact that these points are exposed to <br>heavy vehicle use, the months in which the study was carried out are seasonal transition months, and dust <br>transport is at its highest levels in these months, which supports the results. Moreover, low pollution <br>levels were determined at the points where there is almost no vehicle use and are far from the campus <br>center.</p> Tuba Rastgeldi Doğan Bedia Çalış Copyright (c) 2023 International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches 2024-10-13 2024-10-13 7 10 403 410 Enhancing Properties of 3D Printed Polymers: A Review of Recent Post Processing Methods https://as-proceeding.com/index.php/ijanser/article/view/2115 <p>With the introduction of additive manufacturing, traditional manufacturing processes have <br>been reinterpreted, with 3D printing emerging as a transformational technology across multiple industries. <br>Specifically, the utilization of polymers in 3D printing has surged due to their versatility, cost<br>effectiveness, and ease of processing. However, while 3D printing enables unparalleled design <br>complexity, some properties of printed polymer parts often necessitate further refinement to meet high <br>performance standards. Post-processing techniques have grown in popularity as a result of challenges <br>such as restricted mechanical strength, surface roughness, and material-specific restrictions. This <br>comprehensive review explores recent advancements in post-processing methodologies applied to 3D<br>printed polymer parts, aiming to enhance their mechanical, thermal, and aesthetic properties. The paper <br>delves into an extensive analysis of various techniques, categorizing them into mechanical enhancements, <br>surface finish improvements, and functional enhancements. Techniques such as annealing or heat <br>treatment have been investigated for their capacity to improve mechanical integrity, while sanding, <br>polishing, and chemical treatments have been employed to refine surface finishes. Coatings, including <br>priming, painting, and specialized nano-coatings, have demonstrated their efficacy in augmenting both <br>functional and aesthetic attributes. Understanding and applying these techniques is critical not just for <br>achieving current performance requirements, but also for realizing the full potential of additive <br>manufacturing across a wide range of industries. This investigation highlights the significance of post<br>processing techniques in expanding the capabilities and applications of 3D-printed polymer parts.</p> Ziya Mehdiyev Csaba Felhő Copyright (c) 2023 International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches 2024-10-13 2024-10-13 7 10 411 417 Unveiling Alzheimer's Disease via MRI: Deep Learning Approaches for Accurate Detection https://as-proceeding.com/index.php/ijanser/article/view/2116 <p>This study conducted a comparative analysis of machine learning algorithms to discern the most <br>effective approach for detecting Alzheimer's disease (AD). Timely and precise detection of AD stands <br>crucial for efficient intervention in this prevalent neurodegenerative disorder among the elderly. Deep <br>learning algorithms have demonstrated promising outcomes in AD diagnosis through the examination of <br>magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans. The research focused specifically on evaluating the performance <br>of diverse deep learning architectures, encompassing CNN (Convolutional Neural Network), in detecting <br>AD using MRI images. Utilizing a substantial dataset comprising MRI scans from both AD patients and <br>healthy individuals, the models were trained to automatically extract discriminative features from these <br>images. Experimental results underscore the effectiveness of the proposed models, notably the active use <br>of MobileNet and CNN, which achieved an impressive accuracy of 95.92% in identifying Alzheimer's <br>disease. These findings highlight the superior performance of CNN and MobileNet compared to DenseNet <br>and Inception V3 in AD detection, emphasizing their potential for accurate identification of AD compared <br>to other algorithms. Such insights offer valuable direction for selecting the most appropriate algorithm for <br>AD diagnosis, considering critical factors such as accuracy, computational efficiency, and resource <br>availability. However, further exploration and validation employing larger and more diverse datasets are <br>essential to establish the broader applicability and clinical relevance of these algorithms in real-world <br>scenarios for AD detection.</p> Mais Alhamidi Nehad T.A. Ramaha Copyright (c) 2023 International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches 2024-10-13 2024-10-13 7 10 418 422 Monitoring Physics Education Curricula through the teachers perspective https://as-proceeding.com/index.php/ijanser/article/view/2117 <p>Physics Education in Albania, during the last years is subject of continuous discussions <br>between educational experts, teachers and professors. The implementation of the new curricula from <br>2012, caused a lot of problems, that we are faced every day. The scope of this survey based study was to <br>have some quantitative results of the discussions made between colleagues and experts, in order to make <br>based statements for improvements or changes of the actual curricula to the Ministry of Education. The <br>survey was performed in 12 districts of Albania, and 125 teacher of public/private middle and high <br>schools were part of it. In this work we are focused just in one of the parts of the survey: the number of <br>hours per week in physics in middle and high schools. We asked to the teachers that were part of our <br>survey, the number of hours they teach physics in a week in different classes, if these hours were <br>sufficient or no, and if they had suggestions of how many the number of hours per week in different <br>classes should be. As we expected, teachers believe that the number of hours per week should increase in <br>order to enforce the students' abilities, background and prepare them for the future in the university.</p> Edlira Habilaj Rudina Osmanaj (Zeqirllari) Copyright (c) 2023 International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches 2024-10-13 2024-10-13 7 10 423 426 The quality of groundwater in the Boumalne region https://as-proceeding.com/index.php/ijanser/article/view/2118 <p>The negative contribution of humans has unbalanced the climate chain (biosphere, hydrosphere, <br>geosphere, cryosphere, atmosphere). Because of the demographic explosion and industrial development. <br>This has given rise to the notion of water scarcity. The contamination by chemical molecules and pathogens <br>with clinical relevance represents a challenge for global public health, specifically in arid zones such as the <br>Boumalne region. Thus, groundwater quality monitoring is necessary to provide early warnings and guide <br>public policies to protect these precious resources. The present project focused, on the physical, chemical, <br>and biological, characterization of the groundwater Dad. This investigation consists of analyzing 18 <br>samples which were taken, of stations extending all Dades`s river starting from the upstream till the <br>downstream. Boumalne's groundwater has a good pH with excellent total iron levels. However, electrical <br>conductivity, fecal coliforms, fecal streptococci, and total coliforms are varied from low to excellent. <br>Nitrate levels vary from average to excellent. Physico-chemical and biological quality decreases from <br>upstream to downstream.</p> Hayat GHACHOUI Souad LOQMAN Ahmed ALGOUTI Hanane TOUDMIRINI Abdelfattah ABOUALFARJ Said MOUJANE Saloua AGLI Hafsa BENALI Copyright (c) 2023 International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches 2024-10-13 2024-10-13 7 10 427 431 DOĞRU AKIM ÖZDİRENÇ YÖNTEMİ DÜŞEY ELEKTRİK SONDAJ TEKNİĞİ KULLANILARAK TATLI SU AKİFER POTANSİYELİNİN ARAŞTIRILMASI: ÇANAKKALE ŞEHRİ ÖRNEĞİ https://as-proceeding.com/index.php/ijanser/article/view/2119 <p>Çanakkale Boğazı’nın hemen yanında yer alan Çanakkale Şehri, yeraltı sularından <br>yararlanmaktadır. Çanakkale şehri ve çevresinde deniz suyu girişimi nedeniyle tatlı su akiferleri yüksek <br>risk altındadır. Bu durum gelecekte Çanakkale'deki yeraltı suyu rezervuarlarının zarar görmesi gibi büyük <br>sorunlara yol açabilecektir. Çanakkale İli ve çevresindeki tatlı su akiferlerinin araştırılması bu nedenle <br>büyük bir önem taşımaktadır. Bilindiği gibi doğru akım özdirenç yöntemi düşey elektrik sondaj(DES) <br>tekniği Schlumberger elektrot dizilimi yeraltı suyu aramalarında en sık kullanılan tekniklerden biridir. Bu <br>çalışmada 117 noktada doğru akım özdirenç yöntemi düşey elektrik sondaj(DES) tekniği Schlumberger <br>elektrot dizilimi uygulanmış, jeofizik veriler toplandıktan sonra bu veriler kuyu logu verileriyle birlikte <br>yorumlanmıştır. Sonuç olarak özdirenç çalışmalarından elde edilen veriler ışığında olası tatlı su akiferleri <br>belirlenmiştir.</p> Savaş Gürçay Copyright (c) 2023 International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches 2024-10-13 2024-10-13 7 10 432 435 VERİ TOPLAMA ESNASINDA GEMİ YÖNÜ DEĞİŞİMİNİN CHIRP DENİZ MÜHENDİSLİK SİSMİĞİ VERİSİNE ETKİSİ https://as-proceeding.com/index.php/ijanser/article/view/2120 <p>CHIRP deniz mühendislik sismiği yöntemi deniz tabanı ve altındaki yapıların jeolojik olarak <br>yorumlanmasında oldukça önemli avantajlar sunmaktadır. Ancak, pek çok yöntemde olduğu gibi CHIRP <br>yönteminde de veriler yorumlanırken veri toplama aşamalarında yaşanmış olan olumsuz durumların ve <br>etkilerin bilinmesi ve yorumlama işlemlerinin buna göre yapılması gerekir. Bu çalışmada, Ege Denizi <br>açıklarında toplanmış CHIRP verisinin, veri toplanan sismik hat boyunca geminin yön değiştirmesi <br>sonucu CHIRP deniz mühendislik sismiği verisinde nasıl bir değişikliğe neden olabileceği incelenmiş ve <br>yorumlanırken dikkat edilmesi gereken noktalara değinilmiştir.</p> Savaş Gürçay Copyright (c) 2023 International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches 2024-10-13 2024-10-13 7 10 436 440 Program Code Simulation by Using Ozobot https://as-proceeding.com/index.php/ijanser/article/view/2121 <p>Visualization of the problem solving process greatly supports the deep learning and problem <br>solving skills. In this paper, we focus on using of modern technologies in the teaching of informatics, which <br>is highly motivational for programmers. The presented programmable robotic tool Ozobot contributes to <br>experiential teaching of informatics. The robot is easy to control and is capable of making visualization of <br>program code with immediate feedback regarding the current situation in the game. The learners can easily <br>create programs without the need to write commands or to understand programming concepts. The non<br>textual code representation (using symbolic notation or block-based programming) supports the prevention <br>of syntax errors in high level. The beginners in programming can store the program code by the selection <br>of valid commands and style it by moving blocks or tiles. Young programmers can think creatively while <br>playing and solving a new algorithmical problems. We will introduce the possibilities of Ozobot coding <br>and detail the possibilities of building programming skills and techniques at the lowest as well as at medium <br>level, based on the programming activities. Based on the complexity and variety of the commands <br>OzoBlockly programming environment provides the programming in five categories of difficulty. Our <br>recommended programming activities are based on the interactivity and experimentation.</p> Krisztina Czakóová Ondrej Takáč Ladislav Végh Copyright (c) 2023 International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches 2024-10-13 2024-10-13 7 10 441 444 Investigating The Impact of Renewable Energy Sources on Networked Microgrids Using Probabilistic Load Flow https://as-proceeding.com/index.php/ijanser/article/view/2122 <p>Efforts to reduce the environmental impact of fossil fuels have led to the proliferation of <br>renewable energy sources in the power grid. As a result of the increase in renewable energy sources such <br>as solar and wind, uncertainties in the grid have increased. It is not possible to observe these increasing <br>uncertainties with deterministic methods. Therefore, it is necessary to observe the output values for different <br>input conditions using stochastic methods. Probabilistic power flow (PPF) was used as a stochastic method <br>in our study. We performed the study on a micro-grid (MG) test system with Monte Carlo Simulation <br>(MCS), which gives more accurate results than other methods. This method records the results by <br>performing the deterministic power flow repeatedly with high repetition numbers. With the increasing <br>processing power of computers, Monte Carlo simulations can be performed much faster. The test system <br>used utilizes multiple microgrids (MGs). There are no studies in the literature using MGs of this complexity. <br>In the test system used, four microgrids are connected to each other. In the results obtained, we can see the <br>total losses region by region. Only the lines between the microgrids are approaching their limits. The aim <br>of this study was to produce a program that can perform probabilistic power flow analysis in MGs. By <br>making improvements in the developed program, probabilistic load flow was performed in a very high <br>busbar system in a short time.</p> Abdulkerim İskenderoğlu Ömer Gül Copyright (c) 2023 International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches 2024-10-13 2024-10-13 7 10 445 449 SWOT Analysis of the Tobacco Industry in the Republic of North Macedonia https://as-proceeding.com/index.php/ijanser/article/view/2123 <p>This research aims to conduct a comprehensive SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, <br>and Threats) analysis of the tobacco industry in the Republic of North Macedonia. The purpose of this <br>study is to assess the internal and external factors influencing the industry's current status and potential <br>future developments. <br>Through a combination of qualitative and quantitative research methods, including literature review, data <br>analysis, and expert interviews, this analysis provides valuable insights into the key aspects of the tobacco <br>industry in the country. <br>The results of the SWOT analysis indicate several significant findings. In terms of strengths, the <br>Republic of North Macedonia has a long-standing tradition and expertise in tobacco cultivation, <br>contributing to a well-established market and profitability for farmers. However, weaknesses are <br>identified, including the increasing health concerns associated with smoking and the environmental <br>impact of tobacco cultivation. The industry is also subject to various regulations, posing challenges for <br>farmers and industry players. <br>Opportunities exist for diversification, with the potential to explore alternative crops or <br>sustainable tobacco production methods. Additionally, emerging markets present growth opportunities for <br>the industry, particularly in developing countries. However, threats such as anti-tobacco regulations, <br>declining tobacco consumption due to health awareness, market competition from substitutes, and social <br>stigma pose challenges for the industry's future prospects. <br>This SWOT analysis provides valuable insights for industry stakeholders, policymakers, and <br>researchers interested in understanding the dynamics of the tobacco industry in the Republic of North <br>Macedonia. The findings highlight the need for sustainable practices, product innovation, and strategic <br>adaptations to navigate the changing landscape of the tobacco industry in a responsible and profitable <br>manner.</p> Katerina Kareska Copyright (c) 2023 International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches 2024-10-13 2024-10-13 7 10 450 459 Inverse Quasi-Cyclic Codes and Automorphism Cyclic Codes https://as-proceeding.com/index.php/ijanser/article/view/2124 <p>Certain information is included to introduce cyclic codes on the finite ring. These are the <br>structure of the ring, its status as a linear code, weight function and distance concepts. Here the Lee <br>weight function is given for the ring. An automorphism is defined on the ring. With the help of defined <br>function, the composition of automorphism cyclic codes was constructed. A separate isometry is defined <br>to determine the correspondences of the codes on the rings on the objects. Then, the definition of the <br>inverse quasi-cyclic code is given and certain propositions and theorems are presented. It has been shown <br>that the image code of a code under isometry and the inverse quasi-cyclic shift transformation are the <br>same code as automorphism and the image of a cyclic code under isometry is the same code. Moreover, <br>the results and proofs regarding the written permutation, inverse quasi-cyclic code and automorphism <br>cyclic codes are included.</p> Mustafa ÖZKAN Copyright (c) 2023 International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches 2024-10-13 2024-10-13 7 10 460 465 The Effects of Neonicotinoid Insecticide/Thiamethoxamin on Environmental and Aquatic Ecosystems https://as-proceeding.com/index.php/ijanser/article/view/2125 <p>Pesticides are chemical mixtures developed to target certain organisms, kill them, control or <br>reduce their damage. Insecticides can be classified as subgroups of pesticides. In this study, the effects of <br>neonicotinoid insecticides and thiamethoxam, a derivative of neonicotinoid, on aquatic ecosystem were <br>investigated. Pesticides are frequently used in the agriculture and food industry, and their unusual use poses <br>a threat to the lives of creatures that are not a target in the ecosystem. Although they are used in small <br>amounts, neonicotinoid-derived drugs also pose a threat to human health because they accumulate in the <br>central nervous system and cause chronic poisoning. Similarly, as a result of industrial waste or excessive <br>use in agriculture, the residues of these pesticides mix with the nature and cause deterioration of the aquatic <br>ecosystem. Though its high volatility and low concentration in water pose little threat to aquatic organisms, <br>its absorption and storage in the fat tissues of these organisms that human consume as food leads to toxicity <br>to human health. Therefore, the definition, classification, properties and effects of pesticides were <br>investigated in detail.</p> Gökhan NUR Fatih AKAR Fatma AKAR Copyright (c) 2023 International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches 2024-10-13 2024-10-13 7 10 466 472 A Compact Microstrip Planar Crossover for LTE Applications https://as-proceeding.com/index.php/ijanser/article/view/2126 <p>Microwave integrated circuits (MICs) are becoming increasingly important in communication <br>systems due to their ability to efficiently transfer power and signals using crossover structures. <br>Conventional crossover designs, however, suffer from significant signal and power losses, limiting their <br>performance. In various studies, there are complex planar designs, MICs and Radio Frequency (RF) circuits <br>operating from frequencies and bands. This paper proposes a novel fully symmetric four-port microstrip <br>planar crossover that overcomes these limitations. A square microstrip structure with a size of <br>80.0 × 80.0 ×1.6 mm3 is presented in the design, which has a planar crossover and wide band gap at an <br>operating frequency of 2.1 GHz. The proposed design provides excellent isolation between ports and <br>minimizes signal and power losses, making it a promising solution for MICs and RF circuits for LTE <br>applications.</p> Mert Yerli Merih Palandöken Copyright (c) 2023 International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches 2024-10-13 2024-10-13 7 10 473 476 Innovations in Ocean Plastic Cleanup Technologies for Preserving Marine Resources https://as-proceeding.com/index.php/ijanser/article/view/2127 <p>Plastic pollution in ocean is a burning issue globally and cleanup of the debris from the ocean is <br>essential. The manuscript provides a thorough examination of diverse innovative ocean cleanup <br>technologies, showcasing their unique strengths and contributions. Boyan Slat's Ocean Cleanup System <br>excels in addressing large debris, while Seabin Technology effectively targets surface-level plastics in <br>marinas. Mr. Trash Wheel demonstrates high efficiency in rivers, preventing plastics from entering oceans. <br>Drones and Autonomous Vehicles offer versatility and coverage for large areas, while Community-Based <br>Cleanup Initiatives foster engagement and address plastics at their source. The Bubble Barrier is effective <br>in capturing floating plastics in rivers, and the Ocean Cleanup Interceptor efficiently tackles plastic <br>pollution in river mouths. Bio-Inspired Cleanup explores biomimicry for precise plastic identification. The <br>FRED (Floating Robot) is a mobile solution designed for high seas cleanup. Aquatic Drones with AI <br>leverage artificial intelligence for precise plastic identification for collection, and Ocean Plastic Collector <br>Arrays provide a passive, scalable design for surface-level plastics. This comprehensive review equips <br>researchers and practitioners with valuable insights into the diverse and effective strategies available to <br>combat ocean plastic pollution.</p> Sarker Mohammad Rezaul Karim Zulkefly Sulaiman Nayeem Asif Wahidul Alam Naina Islam Copyright (c) 2023 International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches 2024-10-13 2024-10-13 7 10 477 488 Network Anomaly Detection Using a Hybrid Approach of Machine Learning Algorithms https://as-proceeding.com/index.php/ijanser/article/view/2128 <p>Internet, while being of vital importance, has also brought along cyber attacks and threats. <br>Detection systems in cybersecurity have gained importance to counter these threats. Systems like network <br>anomaly detection can identify abnormal activities by learning normal network traffic. Hybrid models have <br>shown high success in cyber attack detection. In tests conducted on the KDD Cup 1999 dataset, machine <br>learning methods such as Decision Trees, Logistic Regression, Naive Bayes, Random Forest, and k-Nearest <br>Neighbors have exhibited high accuracy levels. Two different hybrid feature selection methods, PCA + <br>RFECV and RFECV + FS, were compared, and it was observed that feature selection plays a critical role <br>in classification performance. These methods can enhance classification performance by reducing the <br>dimensionality of the dataset and selecting meaningful features. This study emphasizes the importance of <br>cybersecurity detection systems in minimizing the potential damage of digital attacks while safeguarding <br>the information of individuals and organizations.</p> Feyza ÖZGER Halit ÖZTEKİN Copyright (c) 2023 International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches 2024-10-13 2024-10-13 7 10 489 500 How Renewable Energy Affect Economic Growth in a Member State of the European Union? VECM Evidence from the Netherlands https://as-proceeding.com/index.php/ijanser/article/view/2129 <p>Energy has an important quality considering that it provides opportunities to compete in <br>international markets and triggers growth mechanisms. In this respect, both non-renewable and renewable <br>energy sources are important cost elements in production functions, and on the other hand, they are also an <br>important manufacturing input. In addition to the fact that fossil energy resources are not infinite in nature, <br>global and environmental problems have led the world to search for new energy sources. This search has <br>led humankind to renewable energy sources that exist in nature, do not cause environmental degradation, <br>and can quickly renew themselves in case of depletion. The problems arising from the use of non-renewable <br>energy resources and their disadvantages in terms of sustainability have recently increased the importance <br>given to renewable energy resources. In this context, analyzing the relationship network between renewable <br>energy and economic growth has critical importance in determining more efficient and effective growth <br>strategies and policy alternatives. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of renewable energy <br>supply, renewable energy R&amp;D expenditures and technological innovations in renewable energy on <br>economic growth in the example of the Netherlands which is a member state of EU. The findings obtained <br>as a result of the VECM model applied for the 1990-2021 research period show that the developments in <br>renewable energy supply and renewable energy technologies in the Netherlands has a positive impact on <br>economic growth.</p> Burak Seyhan Ziya Çağlar Yurttançıkmaz Copyright (c) 2023 International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches 2024-10-13 2024-10-13 7 10 501 506 Performance Comparisons of Machine Learning Methods of PLA-based Photochromic Material UV Sensor https://as-proceeding.com/index.php/ijanser/article/view/2130 <p>A simple method for measuring of ultraviolet (UV) radiation or index values is introduced. In <br>this study, which aims to use machine learning models to accurately analyze a changing color scale and <br>make predictions about the magnitude of the external stimulus that causes color change, the photochromic <br>Polylactic acid (PLA) material that changes color under UV light was video recorded with a smartphone <br>camera. Then, by interpreting the data sets created from these images with machine learning models, a <br>relationship was established between the current applied to the UV light source and the color. Video images <br>taken with the smartphone camera were augmented with screen captures of 25 consecutive seconds, <br>enabling the regression models used to make more accurate predictions. 9 different regression models were <br>used, their performances were evaluated according to cross-validation results. Then, model performances <br>were improved by using appropriate hyperparameters. Better accuracies were achieved especially in <br>CatBoost Regression model. The findings of the study showed that UV intensity or index values can be <br>determined with high accuracy with the existing smart phone camera without the need for any device.</p> Eşref ERDOAĞAN Ömer Galip SARAÇOĞLU Copyright (c) 2023 International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches 2024-10-13 2024-10-13 7 10 507 511