The Brain Drain Phenomenon in Developing Countries The Case of Albania
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DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59287/icias.1486Keywords:
Economic Growth, Brain Drain, Migration, Low Technological And Intellectual DevelopmentAbstract
– In the globalization process, a phenomenon called "brain drain" is constantly in the center of attention of countries' development policies. Developing countries are more widely affected by this phenomenon, due to the negative consequences that can affect their economy. However, the first impact of this movement of human capital dates back to the 1960s, to describe the large-scale immigration of British scientists to the United States (Royal Society 1963). This article aims to analyze the negative impact that is generated on the economy of developing countries, in a worrying situation when two thirds of immigrants with high skills come from developing and transition countries. The data show that, on average, the level of brain drain that maximizes human capital accumulation in a developing country is about 10%. This level varies in different countries, depending on their size, country, language and public policies. The final results are expected to assess the fact that the brain drain brings an economic decline further reducing the welfare of the poorest nations. This phenomenon causes complex social problems that leave the country intellectually and technologically underdeveloped, and further deepens the gap between developed and developing countries.
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