Quantitative Data on Microorganisms and Heavy Metals in Middle Albania Soil

Abstract

In this above scientific work, data are given on the presence of microorganisms (main bacteria) and heavy metals present in the underground layers of the Elbasan city, located in Middle Albania. From the data obtained, we can reach an important conclusion, if the presence of bacteria and heavy metals is present at such levels that they can be considered as soil pollution factors. The primary purpose of undertaking this work was to present the possible connection between microbial and chemical soil pollution, pollution which has a serious impact on the population’s health. To complete this goal, five soil samples that were taken up to a depth of 0.5 m, in April 2023, were served. We emphasize the fact that Elbasan city has been considered over the years as an area with significant atmospheric chemical and microbiological pollution. From the statistical processing of the data, we obtained results that present data on chemical elements that can be considered as a possible factor of soil pollution. In conclusion, starting from the qualitative analysis of the results by comparing them with the allowed pollution rates from the EU, we find a chemical pollution of the soil from the element nickel, which is present in an amount about 2.5 times more than the standards defined by the Regulatory Acts of EU. We are of the opinion that the ascertained pollution of the Elbasani soil is mainly dedicated to the activity of agricultural farmers in the misuse of organic and chemical fertilizers, the mismanagement of wastewater by the relevant city authorities, and mainly to the abusive activity of light and heavy industries that operate in the city.