Enhancing sensitivity of dye-sensitized photovoltaics across low illumination conditions through TiCl4 treatment
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Low Illumination, Photovoltaics, Dye-SensitizedAbstract
This study investigates the effect of TiCl4 treatment on the fabrication of Dye-Sensitized Photovoltaics (DSPs) structures using Ruthenizer 535-4TBA (N-712) dye. DSPs are known for their sensitivity to low light levels, making them suitable for sensor applications in environments with reduced illumination. The research compares DSP structures treated with TiCl4 during fabrication to those that did not undergo this treatment. The study aims to analyze the impact of these fabrication methods on energy conversion efficiency and sensor performance.
Electrical measurements were conducted under both standard illumination conditions and gradually reduced low-light conditions across 13 steps as 1000, 500, 250, 100, 50, 25, 10, 5, 2, 1, 0,5, 0,3 and 0,1 W/m2. Results show that DSP efficiency significantly increases under low-light conditions, with the TiCl4-treated sample exhibiting an efficiency of 9.33% under 1000 W/m2 illumination, which rises to 27.5% under 0.1 W/m2. Additionally, electrochemical properties were analyzed using Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS). Parameters such as electron lifetime, rise time, and fall time were determined to characterize the sensors. Response times of approximately 4.1 nanoseconds for T-N712 and 5.3 nanoseconds for N712 were recorded.
In summary, the study demonstrates the potential of TiCl4 treatment in enhancing the sensitivity and performance of DSPs, particularly under low-light conditions. The research provides valuable insights into optimizing DSP fabrication processes for improved energy conversion efficiency and sensor capabilities. These findings contribute to the ongoing development of DSPs for various applications, including sensing in environments with limited illumination.
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