Development of a Novel Tool for Single-Pass Tube Flaring and Forming with Microstructural and Mechanical Analysis of AISI 304 Stainless Steel
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Keywords:
Tube Flaring, Tube Forming, Martensitic Transformation, Deformation-Induced Martensite, AISI 304 Stainless SteelAbstract
In this study, a novel tool design was developed to integrate tu and forming processes into a
single operation, without tearing. The tool was employed to shape thin-walled AISI 304 stainless steel
tubes, and its influence on the material's microstructural characteristics and mechanical properties was
systematically examined. Manufactured from AISI 4140 steel, the tool underwent heat treatment to achieve
a hardness of 52 HRC. The flaring and forming operations were performed at a controlled speed under dry
conditions, without lubrication. Changes in the material's structure and mechanical properties, including
thickness variations, hardness distribution, and deformation-induced martensitic transformation, were
investigated. Metallographic analyses revealed notable microstructural transformations, such as grain
alignment, increased dislocation density, and the formation of martensitic phases due to deformation.
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