Life Cycle Assessment and the Economic Sustainability of Renewable Energy Resources
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Keywords:
Homer Pro, KPK, Power System, Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), Sustainability, Renewable Energy, Environmental Effect, Cost AnalysisAbstract
With over a billion people still lacking reliable access to electricity, the need for decentralized
power generation solutions is crucial. This research explores the benefits of hybrid energy systems
compared to standalone biogas, solar, and wind systems, especially in regions without centralized grids.
Specifically, we examine the KPK Province Regions and model a hybrid power system that balances
economic viability and technological feasibility, while considering the full Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)
of wind, PV, and biogas. This designed system significantly boosts clean energy generation while
minimizing harmful emissions' environmental impact. The Peshawar case study provides valuable insights
into selecting a cost-effective hybrid system configuration. The study also includes a comprehensive cost
analysis covering factors like capital investments, replacement costs, operational and maintenance
expenses, fuel costs, and salvage value. Ultimately, this investigation results in a well-designed hybrid
power system. Our findings reveal that the energy mix in this region includes Waziristan Wana (50% PV
and 50% Wind Turbines), Abbottabad (61.6% PV and 37.6% wind), Bannu (33% PV and 66% wind), D.I.
Khan (33% PV and 67% wind), Dirr (83% PV and 13% wind), Haripur (60% PV and 40% wind), Kohat
(35% PV and 65% wind turbines), Lucky Marwat (37% PV and 62% wind turbines), Mardn (66% PV and
33.1% turbine power), Mansehra (60% PV and 40% wind turbines), Miranshah (28.1% PV and 71.1% wind
turbines), Murre (60% PV and 60% wind turbines), Nowshera (60% PV and 39.1% wind turbines), Shawal
(20% PV and 80% wind turbines), Swabi (65% PV and 35% wind turbines), and Zarmlna (25% PV and
75% wind turbines). This data highlights potential areas in Pakistan for future wind turbine and solar
projects to meet electricity demands. Information on wind speed, Global Horizontal Irradiance (GHI), and
temperature has been sourced from NASA. This study specifically focuses on addressing the electricity
needs of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK) Province through solar and wind turbine installations.
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