A Review on Design of Conventional and Remote Sensing Based River Bank Protection System
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Keywords:
Riverbank Erosion, Hydrodynamic Modeling, Remote Sensing, Geospatial Analysis, Bioengineering SolutionsAbstract
Riverbank protection is critical for mitigating erosion, enhancing stability, and safeguarding
infrastructure. Conventional methods include hard and soft engineering techniques, as well as soil
bioengineering. Hard engineering solutions, such as riprap and sheet piling, are effective in preventing bank
collapse but can significantly impact local ecosystems by altering habitats and reducing biodiversity. In
contrast, soft engineering, like vegetation-based stabilization, is environmentally friendly, particularly
suitable for low-energy rivers, and offers long-term ecological benefits. Soil bioengineering integrates
plants like willows and native shrubs to stabilize riverbanks, balancing erosion control with environmental
sustainability. Remote sensing and geospatial analysis, including satellite imagery, LiDAR, and GIS tools,
have become essential for assessing river morphology and monitoring erosion dynamics. These
technologies enable river managers to detect erosion-prone areas and optimize protection strategies based
on spatial data. Hydrodynamic models and manual calculations also play a crucial role in understanding
flow-induced forces on riverbanks, informing design choices. Software tools, such as HEC-RAS and
ArcGIS, enhance analysis by simulating river flow, sediment transport, and bank erosion patterns,
facilitating more precise, efficient decision-making. Design checks ensure that protection systems meet
engineering and environmental standards, evaluating factors like structural stability and ecological impact.
Incorporating both technical and ecological considerations, these methods ensure sustainable and effective
riverbank protection, balancing engineering needs with environmental preservation.
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