Impact of Urban Sprawl on River Banks-A Review of Case Studies
Abstract views: 0
/ 
PDF downloads: 0
Keywords:
Urban Sprawl, Riverbank Ecosystems, Hydrological Cycles, Sedimentation And Erosion, Sustainable Urban Development, Nature-Based SolutionsAbstract
Urban sprawl, characterized by the uncontrolled expansion of urban areas into rural and natural
landscapes, poses a significant threat to riverbank ecosystems by disrupting hydrological cycles, increasing
pollution, and accelerating soil erosion. Runoff from impervious surfaces carries sediments, heavy metals,
and contaminants into rivers, degrading water quality and aquatic habitats. Urban areas can contribute up
to 40% more sediment loads compared to natural landscapes, with sedimentation rates near urbanized
riverbanks rising by 30%–50% due to vegetation loss. Erosion rates often double, leading to significant
morphological changes and weakened riverbanks. These impacts heighten flood risks, diminish
biodiversity, and compromise essential ecosystem services. This study synthesizes to evaluate urban
sprawl's effects on riverbank stability, water quality, and ecosystem health, employing Geographic
Information Systems (GIS), remote sensing, hydrological modeling, to analyze alterations and socio
economic consequences. Land-use classification and change detection techniques reveal how urbanization
influences riverbank morphology. Findings highlight interventions like riparian buffer zones, land-use
regulations, sustainable urban design, and riverbank restoration projects, alongside innovative approaches
such as green infrastructure and nature-based solutions. Integrating environmental considerations into
urban planning is critical for enhancing ecosystem resilience, reducing flooding risks, and ensuring river
health. Collaborative efforts among policymakers, researchers, and stakeholders are vital for sustainable
urban development.
Downloads
References
Baer, S.A., & Pringle, C.M., "Urban development impacts on stream ecosystems: Hydrology, geomorphology, and ecological transformations," Environmental Science & Technology, vol. 34, no. 5, pp. 123-135, 2000.
A. Anish, K.R. Baiju, P.K. Thomas, M. Anns, P.B. R, and S. Babu, "Status of GIS enabled morphometric analysis of river basins of Kerala, Southern India: a review and assessment," Reg. Stud. Mar. Sci., vol. 44, pp. 101792, 2021.
S. Ghimire and D. Higaki, "Dynamic river morphology due to land use change and erosion mitigation measures in a degrading catchment in the Siwalik Hills, Nepal," Taylor & Francis, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 27-39, 2015.
Z. Yao, W. Ta, X. Jia, and J. Xiao, "Bank erosion and accretion along the Ningxia–Inner Mongolia reaches of the Yellow River from 1958 to 2008," Geomorphology, vol. 127, no. 1-2, pp. 99-106, 2011.
A. Singh, R. Kumar, and S. Mehta, "Urbanization and Environmental Impacts," Environ. Res. Lett., vol. 17, no. 2, pp. 245-260, Jun. 2022.
J. Walsh and C. Nittrouer, "River Dynamics and Sedimentary Processes," in Coastal Environments, vol. 1, City, Country: Publisher, 2009.
W. A. Fairbairn, "Erosion in the River Findhorn valley," Taylor & Francis Group, vol. 83, no. 1, pp. 46-52, 2008.
S. Anish et al., "Status of GIS enabled morphometric analysis of river basins of Kerala, Southern India: a review and assessment," Reg. Stud. Mar. Sci., vol. 44, pp. 101792, 2021.
S. Ghimire and D. Higaki, "Dynamic river morphology due to land use change and erosion mitigation measures in a degrading catchment in the Siwalik Hills, Nepal," Taylor & Francis, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 27-39, 2015.
G. Chander, B. L. Markham, and D. L. Helder, "Summary of current radiometric calibration coefficients for Landsat MSS, TM, ETM+, and EO-1 ALI sensors," Remote Sens. Environ., 2009.
A. Rango and A. T. Anderson, "Flood hazard studies in the Mississippi river basin using remote sensing," J. Am. Water Res. Assoc., vol. 10, no. 5, pp. 1060-1081, 1974.
Salo, J., Kalliola, R., H¨ akkinen, I., Makinen, ¨ Y., Niemela, ¨ P., Puhakka, M., Coley, P.D., 1986. River dynamics and the diversity of Amazon lowland forest. Nature 322 (6076), 254–258. https://doi.org/10.1038/322254a0. 1986 322:6076, Nature Publishing Group.
Z. H. Bowen, K. D. Bovee, and T. J. Waddle, "Effects of flow regulation on shallow-water habitat dynamics and floodplain connectivity," Wiley, vol. 132, no. 4, pp. 809-823, 2011.
J. D. Creutin, M. Muste, A. A. Bradley, S. C. Kim, and A. Kruger, "River gauging using PIV techniques: a proof-of-concept experiment on the Iowa River," J. Hydrol., vol. 277, no. 3-4, pp. 182-194, 2003.
G. L. Heritage and D. Hetherington, "Towards a protocol for laser scanning in fluvial geomorphology," Earth Surf. Process. Landforms, vol. 32, no. 1, pp. 66-74, 2007.
M. A. Fonstad, J. T. Dietrich, B. C. Courville, J. L. Jensen, and P. E. Carbonneau, "Topographic structure from motion: a new development in photogrammetric measurement," Earth Surf. Process. Landforms, vol. 38, no. 4, pp. 421-430, 2013.
G. M. Foody and A. Mathur, "A relative evaluation of multiclass image classification by support vector machines," IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., vol. 42, no. 6, pp. 1335-1343, 2004.
X. Wang, L. Mei, and Z. Chen, "Impacts of Urbanization on River System Structure: A Case Study on Qinhuai River Basin, Yangtze River Delta," Water Science and Technology, vol. X, no. Y, pp. XX-XX, Year.
G. L. Heritage and D. Hetherington, "Towards a protocol for laser scanning in fluvial geomorphology," Earth Surf. Process. Landforms, vol. 32, no. 1, pp. 66-74, 2007.
T. S. U. Holtz, "Introductory digital image processing: a remote sensing perspective," Environ. Eng. Geosci., vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 89-90, 2007.
S. Zoysa, V. Basnayake, J. T. Samarasinghe, M. B. Gunathilake, K. Kantamaneni, N. Muttil, et al., "Analysis of multi-temporal shoreline changes due to a harbor using remote sensing data and GIS techniques," Sustainability, vol. 15, no. 9, pp. 7651, 2023.
S. Zoysa, V. Basnayake, J. T. Samarasinghe, M. B. Gunathilake, K. Kantamaneni, N. Muttil, et al., "Analysis of multi-temporal shoreline changes due to a harbor using remote sensing data and GIS techniques," Sustainability, vol. 15, no. 9, pp. 7651, 2023.
S. Ghimire and D. Higaki, "Dynamic river morphology due to land use change and erosion mitigation measures in a degrading catchment in the Siwalik Hills, Nepal," Taylor & Francis, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 27-39, 2015
