The treatment of hypertension through Single-Pill Therapy, a present situation in Albania

Abstract

A significant cause of premature death globally, hypertension affects 1.28 billion adults between the
ages of 30 and 79, two-thirds of whom live in low- and middle-income nations. Adults' blood pressure is
affected by both controllable and non-modifiable factors. The primary risk factor for cardiovascular illnesses
and death worldwide is high blood pressure. Due to poor treatment adherence brought on by its sometimes
asymptomatic nature, many people go undetected, untreated, or receive subpar care. For the majority of
patients, a two-drug regimen, consisting of either single-pill combos or free-equivalent monotherapy
combinations, is advised for beginning hypertension treatment. A calcium channel blocker (CCB) or
thiazide/thiazide-like diuretic is typically recommended in conjunction with a RAS blocker (ACE inhibitor or
ARB). When compared to monotherapy, single-pill therapy lowers high blood pressure (BP), and this is
supported by substantial data. This method reduces adverse drug reactions, enhances patient compliance, and
facilitates faster blood pressure regulation. Keeping blood pressure under control is crucial to reducing
cardiovascular morbidity and death. The European Society of Hypertension's (ESH) most recent guidelines
suggest four major drug classes: beta blockers, thiazide medicines and thiazide-like diuretics, calcium
channel blockers (CCBs), and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAS) blockers.
Albania lacks data regarding the hypertension load in adult populations and has insufficient knowledge of the
benefits of single-pill combinations. It usually refers to Eastern Europe's group of states from WHO.