Microwave Antenna Systems for Accurate Weather Monitoring in Solar Power Plants
Abstract views: 27
/ 
PDF downloads: 10
Keywords:
Microwave Radiometry, Solar Photovoltaic Systems, Weather Monitoring, Ground-Based Radiometers, Microwave AntennasAbstract
Accurate and real -time weather monitoring is necessary for optimizing to the efficiency and
reliability of solar energy. This paper examines the integration of the microwave antenna system for
environmental sensing in the installation of solar photovoltaic (PV) systems, which focuses on their ability
to detect large atmospheric variables such as cloud cover, humidity and rainfall. By using ground -based
multichannel microwave radiometer (GMR), work with frequencies including 10 GHz, 18 GHz and 36
GHz, the system measures atmospheric brightness temperature (TB) to monitor the environmental
conditions affecting solar radiation. A sun-tracking calibration method is used to ensure all weather
operations, increase the accuracy and reliability of data acquisition. The architecture supports spontaneous
integration with the existing plant infrastructure using a 915 MHz wireless telemetry and is scalable for
both utility-scale and distributed photovoltaic systems. In addition, artificial neural networks (ANNs) are
used to model nonlinear between TB data and solar cell outputs, enabling accurately short-term energy
forecasting. The proposed approach supported by existing literature shows strong capacity to increase the
operational plan, improve forecast accuracy and support intelligent energy management in solar systems.
Limits and future directions, including phase-sensory antennas and hybrid sensor fusion, are also discussed.
Downloads
References
Ahmed, S., Ali, A., Ansari, J. A., Qadir, S. A., & Kumar, L. (2025). A Comprehensive Review of Solar Photovoltaic Systems: Scope, Technologies, Applications, Progress, Challenges and Recommendations. IEEE Access.
Bihi, M. B., & Karasu, Y. E. (2024). Enhancing Photovoltaic System Performance: A Comparative Study of AI-Based Neural Networks and Traditional MPPT Techniques. International Journal of Advanced Natural Sciences and Engineering Researches, 8(11), 554-568.
Sasaki, S., Tanaka, K., & Maki, K. I. (2013). Microwave power transmission technologies for solar power satellites. Proceedings of the IEEE, 101(6), 1438-1447.
Matsumoto, H. (2003). Research on solar power satellites and microwave power transmission in Japan. IEEE microwave magazine, 3(4), 36-45.
BIHI, M. B., & ERDEM, E. (2024). Design Optimization and Simulation of a 2.4 GHz Circularly Polarized Helical Antenna.
Narayanan, K., & Bhonsle, R. V. (1971, September). Microwave solar radiometer at 2800 MHz. In Proceedings of the Indian Academy of Sciences-Section A (Vol. 74, pp. 142-151). Springer India.
Lei, L., Wang, Z., Qin, J., Zhu, L., Chen, R., Lu, J., & Ma, Y. (2021). Feasibility for operationally monitoring ground-based multichannel microwave radiometer by using solar observations. Atmosphere, 12(4), 447.
Marzano, F. S., Mattioli, V., Milani, L., Magde, K. M., & Brost, G. A. (2016). Sun-Tracking Microwave Radiometry: All-Weather Estimation of Atmospheric Path Attenuation at $ Ka $-, $ V $-, and $ W $-Band. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, 64(11), 4815-4827.
Mattioli, V., Milani, L., Magde, K. M., Brost, G. A., & Marzano, F. S. (2016). Retrieval of sun brightness temperature and precipitating cloud extinction using ground-based sun-tracking microwave radiometry. IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, 10(7), 3134-3147.
Whitehurst, L. N., Lee, M. C., & Pradipta, R. (2013). Solar-powered microwave transmission for remote sensing and communications. IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, 41(3), 606-612.
Handoko, R. I., et al. (2019). Wireless telemetry for real-time monitoring of photovoltaic application system using monopole antenna 3DRobotics Radio 915 MHz. TSSA.
Sutnga, D., Dkhar, W., Goswami, B., & Roy, R. (2024). Solar energy forecasting using microwave remote sensing and artificial neural networks. IEEE INDICON.
