Analysis and Determination of Natural Frequencies of Hybrid Composite Layers by Acoustic Measurement
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Keywords:
Hybrid Composites, Acoustic Vibration Analysis, Natural Frequency, Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs), Silicon Dioxide (SiO₂), Finite Element Analysis (FEA)Abstract
In this study, the dynamic properties of hybrid epoxy-based composite laminates reinforced
with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and silicon dioxide (SiO₂) nanoparticles were investigated both
experimentally and numerically, focusing particularly on the first mode natural frequencies. Composite
specimens were fabricated using the vacuum bagging method in accordance with ASTM D638-14
standards and classified into three groups (K.1, K.2, and K.3) based on different reinforcement
configurations. A non-contact acoustic resonance testing method was employed to identify the natural
frequencies without causing any damage to the structure. The experimental results were compared with
numerical modal analysis results obtained from the SolidWorks simulation environment. Among the
tested samples, the K.1 group exhibited the most stable frequency response with an average of 5937.33
Hz, while K.2 and K.3 samples showed variations due to production inconsistencies. The percentage
differences between experimental and numerical results ranged from 4.41% to 27.39%, highlighting the
influence of nanoparticle dispersion, fiber orientation, and manufacturing accuracy on vibrational
behavior. The findings demonstrate that the acoustic resonance method is a reliable and effective tool for
frequency-based design and vibration-based structural health monitoring of composite structures.
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