Environmentally Friendly Surface Treatment Agent Trial on Wood Material and Its Effect on Adhesion Resistance
Abstract views: 53
/ 
PDF downloads: 35
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59287/ijanser.1545Keywords:
Adhesion, Wood Material, Human/Environmental Health, Ecological Surface Material, Resin LacquerAbstract
Wood preservatives, widely used in the wood industry, pose a risk to human health and the environment due to their harmful chemical structure. Due to the awareness of society and environmental pressures, it is searching for natural preservatives compatible with the ecological environment. Resins, which do not contain any hardening and toxic chemicals in their components, have been preferred as surface treatment materials since ancient times due to their water-repellent properties and compatibility with wood materials. This study aimed to determine the adhesion effect of resin-based lacquer used in lacquering food packaging materials, which does not contain hardeners and harmful solvents, as a surface protector on wood materials. The study preferred three local wood species and resin lacquer (food lacquer) as surface treatment materials. In this context, samples prepared from Oriental beech (Fagus Orientalis Lipsky), Scots pine (Pinus Sylvestris L.), and Anatolian chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) according to ISO 3129 principles were acclimatized by TS ISO 13061-1 principles and resin lacquer was applied to the surface of the test samples by spraying method according to ASTM-D 3023 principles. After the surface treatment, the samples were cured (hardener) in an oven (fan-drying oven) at temperatures of 60, 80, and 100 °C. The samples coated with resin lacquer were measured for adhesion according to TS EN ISO 4624. The test data were subjected to statistical analysis in the MSTAT-C program. According to the results, the analysis of variance regarding the effects of wood species and temperature on the adhesion value was found to be statistically significant (α=0.05) regarding wood species and temperature changes but insignificant in terms of their interactions. In the interaction of wood species and oven temperature, the highest surface adhesion value was obtained at Oriental beech + 100 °C (2,821 N/mm²) and the lowest at Scots pine + 60 °C (2,00 N/mm²).
Downloads
References
E. Tsatsaroni, M. Liakopoulou-Kyriakides, and I. Eleftheriadis, “Comparative study of dyeing properties of two yellow natural pigments - Effect of enzymes and proteins,” Dye. Pigment., vol. 37, no. 4, pp. 307–315, 1998.
G. Calogero, G.D. Marco, “Red Sicilian orange andpurple eggplant fruits as natural sensitizers for dye sensitized solar cells,” Solar Energy Materials& Solar Cells, 92, 1341- 1346, 2008.
M. M. Kamel, R. M. El-Shishtawy, B. M. Yussef, and H. Mashaly, “Ultrasonic assisted dyeing III. Dyeing of wool with lac as a natural dye,” Dye. Pigment., vol. 65, pp. 103–110, 2005.
G. A. Luciana, P. Luisa, B. Paola, B. Alessandra, and S. Panconesi, “Rubia tinctorum a source of natural dyes: agronomic evaluation, quantitative analysis of alizarin and industrial assays,” Ind. Crop. Prod., vol. 3–4, no. 6, pp. 303–311, 1997.
R. Stirling and A. Temiz, “Fungicides and InsecticidesUsed in Wood Protection, Deterioration and Protection of Sustainable Biomaterials,” American ChemicalSociety, Chapter 10, Washington, 2014.
S. Kizil, “Research on Frequency of Appropriate Planting of Some Woad (Isatis Tinctoria L., Isatis Constricta Davis) Species and Establishment of DyeingProperties,” Thereof. Phd Dissertation. Ankara University, Institute of Science, Department of Agronomy, Ankara, 108, 2000.
A. Kurtoğlu, “Wood material surface treatments Volume 1 General Information Book,” Istanbul University Faculty of Forestry Publications, Istanbul, p. 222s, 2000.
U. Desor and K. Stephan, “Waterborne Acrylic Dispersions for Wood Lacquers,” Eur. Coatings J., pp. 920–923, 1997.
A. Atılgan, H. Peker and M. Atar, " Application of environmentally friendly organic upper surface process material on wood and its effect on some surface properties ", Journal of the Faculty of Engineering and Architecture of Gazi University 37:1, 107-120, 2022.
M. De Meijer and H. Militz, “Wet adhesion of low-VOC coatings on wood,” Prog. Org. Coatings, vol. 38, pp. 223–240, 2000.
S. Altun and M. Esmer, “The Effect of Heat Treatment on The Surface Roughness and Varnish Adhesion of Wood,” Journal of Polytechnic, 20 (1): 231-239, 2017.
M. Budakçı, “Design and Production of a Pneumatic Adhesion Testing Device”, Journal of Polytechnic Vol: 9 No: 1 pp. 53-58, 2006.
G. Nelson, “Adhesion, Paint and Coating Testing Manual,” Chapter 44, ASTM Spec. Tech. Publ. Philadelphia, P.A., pp. 513–523, 1995.
A. Shakri, “Finishing Properties of Acacia Mangium, Paraserianthes Falcataria and Gmelina Arborea Timbers: Some Important Parameters,” J. Trop. For. Prod., vol. 1, pp. 83–89, 1995.
B. Kaygın, “Durability properties of opaque paints used on wooden surfaces,” Master's Thesis, ZonguldakKaraelmas University Institute of Science and Technology, p. 97, 2017.
S. Sari and M. Ozalp, “The Investigation of Aluminum Sulphate Influences in Polyurethane Varnish Applications,” Bilge Int. J. Sci. Technol. Res., vol. 2, pp. 116–123, 2018.
H. Karakoç, “Layer properties of synthetic and chlorinated rubber paints applied to some native tree species used in wood boat construction,” Master's Thesis,Gazi University, Institute of Science and Technology,Woodworking Industrial Engineering Department, p.
s, 2020.
H. Peker, “Effects of Impregnations on Varnishes Used on Furniture Surfaces," Doctoral Thesis, Karadeniz Technical University, Institute of Science and Technology, Department of Forest Industrial Engineering, Trabzon, 1997.
M. Budakçı, “Effects of the Resistance to Adhesion Surface of Layer Thickness Glossy and Hardness At the wood’s Varnishes,” Master's Thesis, Gazi University, Institute of Science and Technology, Ankara, 1997.
ISO 3129, “Wood — Sampling methods and general requirements for physical and mechanical testing of small clear wood specimens,” 2019.
Turkish Food Codex, “Turkish Food Codex Regulation on Amendments to the Regulation on Substances and Materials in Contact with Food,” vol. 29090, 2014.
“https://www.diatek.com.tr/MakaleYontem/Mikrobiyolojik-Analiz/Ambalaj,” Published July 26, 2017, Accessed March 16, 2022.
TOYO, “https://www.toyoink.com.tr/tr/gold-laklar,” Published on July 26, 2017, Accessed on March 16, 2022, 2017, [Online]. Available:
https://www.toyoink.com.tr/tr/gold-laklar.
TS ISO 13061-1, “Physical and mechanical properties of wood - Test methods for small clear wood specimens -Part 1: Determination of moisture content for physical and mechanical tests,” 2021.
DYO, “Dewilux Spray Gun Motion Study, Technical Bulletin, İzmir.,” 1990.
ASTM-D3023, “Standard Practice for Determination of Resistance of Factory-Applied Coatings on Wood Products to Stains and Reagents,” 2017.
TS EN ISO 4624, “Paints and varnishes - Pull-off test for adhesion”, Turkish Standards Institution, Ankara, 2016.
A. Sönmez, “Hazırlık ve Renklendirme,” Ağaç İşlerinde Üst Yüzey İşlemleri 1, Ders Kitabı [Preparation and Coloring,” Surface Treatments in Woodworking 1],” Textbook," Gazi University Faculty of Technical Education pp. 3–26, 2000.
Anonym, “https://fizikdersi.gen.tr/adezyon-kohezyonnedir-tanim-ornekler/” Accessed on March 16, 202.
R. Tutgun, “The effects of surface roughness of wood material to the adhesion strength of varnish layer,” Master's Thesis, Gazi University, Institute of Science and Technology, Department of Furniture and Decoration, Ankara., p. 68s., 2013.
