Working Range Optimization of Bearing Discs with 3 Axis Dynamic Testing

Abstract

All motor vehicles must have braking systems to stop and stabilize the vehicle. Brakes are
systems that control the movement of vehicles, slow them down, stop them or fix their position by
absorbing kinetic energy. The main parts of the braking system of automobiles are the brake disc, brake
pad, piston and brake caliper. Brake discs are a widely used brake type in the automotive field due to their
ease of getting rid of heat and providing the same braking torque in both directions of rotation. In this
study, the durability and life test of the bearing and hub part of the bearing discs with 3-axis dynamic test
is the subject. Test parameters were determined by examining the operating conditions of the brake discs
under the vehicle. Dynamic testing was carried out by applying axial, radial and rotational axis loads
according to real under-vehicle conditions. During the test, instant cracks, errors and temperatures were
monitored. Axial and radial load was given by hydraulic actuators, and rotational movement was given by
the engine. In the test system, load and distance limits were defined for the hydraulic actuators, ensuring
that the system would stop in case of any error. During the test, load and distance data were monitored
and recorded. The temperature monitoring of the bearing and hub section was done via laser sensors.
Temperature data measured with laser sensors were collected by taking data second by second. A limit of
99 °C has been placed on the temperature system. If the temperature of the hub and bearing section
exceeds 99 °C, the system stops. Axial and radial loads were also recorded in the system second by
second and data was collected. 6 samples were tested. According to the test data, the maximum
temperature was determined as 41.2 °C and the average temperature was 38.3 °C. In this study, the effect
of loads on bearing discs under real under-vehicle conditions was examined. As a result of the tests, all 6
samples completed the test without any errors. Thus, the suitable working range of the part is optimized.
In the next process, different bearings will be tested and compared.