Tribological behavior of choline chloride as additive to vegetable oil
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Keywords:
Choline Chloride, Ionic Liquids, Tribological Mechanism, Friction, WearAbstract
The tribological properties of sunflower oil were improved by using choline chloride-based IL
as sustainable bio-lubricant additive at various concentrations including 0.25 - 1 wt% IL. With a pin-on
disc tribometer, the lubricants were tested under realistic conditions of a 20 N load, 500 rpm rotational
speed and ambient temperature, to measure their ability to reduce friction and protect the surface from wear.
The oil blended with 1 wt% choline chloride IL showed a significant decrease of 60.43% in friction
coefficient and 53.65% in wear scar volume, compared to the neat oil. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM)
and stylus profilometry showed that a strong, protective tribofilm was formed which reduced surface
roughness and lowered the amount of abrasive wear. The reason for the excellent tribological performance
is that ILs are stable, have ionic structures and easily attach to metal surfaces which supports both extra
load capacity and more even shear stress distribution at the contact point. The results suggest that choline
chloride ILs are suitable eco-friendly additives for bio-lubricants and can replace the common use of
mineral oils in industrial applications. Following the right experimental approach and detailed surface
analysis, the study presents a good starting point for further improvements and wide use of IL-modified
bio-lubricants in industries. This work adds valuable information to the field of ionic liquid-based additives
and encourages the use of more environmentally friendly lubrication solutions.
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